Mechanism of Injury (MOI)

Question 1

most common MOI

Answer 1

all out exertion; contact; strike/throw projectiles; propulsion of body thru air; repetitions of mvmnt; speed of sport; large numbers of participants; long duration of activity

Question 2

classifications of trauma

Answer 2

• bacterial/viral (flu, cold, shingles)
• mechanical (physical injury)
• chemical (chronic pain, diabetes, autoimmune disease)

Question 3

Types of Mechanical Forces

Answer 3

(in)direct impact
shearing
torsion stress
tension
impingement
compression
bending
friction

Question 4

skin injuries

Answer 4

acute
rubbing/friction, compression, tearing
blisters, bruises, lacerations

Question 5

muscle/tendon injuries

Answer 5

acute: (compression/tension) (contusion, strain)
chronic: (tension, tension/shearing, compression/tension) (tendinitis, myositis/fasciitis, bursitis)

Question 6

capsule injuries

Answer 6

acute: (tension/compression) (sprain, dislocation, subluxations)
chronic: (tension, compression, shearing) (fractures)

Question 7

bone injuries

Answer 7

acute
tension/compression/shearing
fractures

Question 8

determinants of injury severity

Answer 8

direction, magnitude, duration of impact

Question 9

low magnitude, long duration

Answer 9

• low energy of impact
• long duration of contact time
• tissue threshold could be exceeded over time
  ex: over use, blister, callous, stress fracture

Question 10

high magnitude, short duration

Answer 10

• high energy of impact
• short duration of contact time
• impact threshold of weaker structures may be exceeded
• moderate potential for injury
  ex: bruise,

Question 11

low magnitude, short duration

Answer 11

• low energy of impact
• short duration of contact time
• impact threshold not exceeded
• injury potential is low

Question 12

high magnitude, long duration

Answer 12

• high energy of impact
• long duration of contact time
• greatest potential for injury
  ex: fractures, dislocations, ligament injuries

Question 13

injury classifications

Answer 13

• stage of injury / healing
• severity of injury
• type of tissue damaged / healing
• type of mechanism

Question 14

sprains

Answer 14

injuries to the ligaments around a joint (stretch/tear CT)
1st degree: ligaments stretched
2nd degree: ligaments torn slightly
3rd degree: ligaments torn completely

Question 15

muscle guarding

Answer 15

Involuntary muscle contraction in response to pain following injury

Question 16

Tendinitis

Answer 16

repeated microtrauma
Treatment: Rest
can turn into tendinosis

Question 17

Tenosynovitis

Answer 17

inflammation of synovial sheath
- Acute - rapid onset, crepitus, and diffuse swelling
- Chronic - thickening of tendon pain and crepitus
- in flexor tendon of biceps and digits

Question 18

strains

Answer 18

injury to mtu (muscle-tendon unit)
- stretch, partial tear, or total ruptue
- abnormal muscle contraction
- 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree subclassifications

Question 19

contusions

Answer 19

bruises
- result of sudden blow to compress soft/bony tissues
- create hemorrhaging (superficial/deep)
-subclassified into grades or degrees

Question 20

fractures

Answer 20

a crack or break in a bone caused by physical stress
- Direct MOI - at point of force application

-Indirect MOI- sudden violent & forceful muscle contraction

Question 21

dislocations

Answer 21

○ Complete disarticulation of the joint (usually synovial)
○ Stabilizing structures of the joint are disrupted

Question 22

Subluxation

Answer 22

○ Brief, transient injury involving partial dislocation + spontaneous relocation