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HEART DRUGZ > mechanism > Flashcards

mechanism Flashcards

"it's almost intuitive" -Patty

1
Q

mechanism

a-methyl-dopa (pro-drug)

A

depletes NE in brainstem presynap ves inhibit NE release at cleft (negative feedback)

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2
Q

mechanism

acetylcholine

A

decrease HR, contractility stim at SA node, atria no effect on ventricles! small bl vessel dilation

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3
Q

mechanism

adenosine

A

Increases K conductance decreases cAMP, Ca

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4
Q

mechanism

albuterol

A

B2 at low dose bronchodilation vasodilation B1 at high dose

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5
Q

mechanism

amiloride

A

block Na channel in collecting duct Prevent K loss

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6
Q

mechanism

amiodarone

A

block K+ efflux channels rhythm control Increase AP duration, refractory period

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7
Q

mechanism

amlodipine

A

decrease HR decrease contractility decrease periph resistance som reflex tachycardia

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8
Q

mechanism

amphetamine

A

CNS stimulant releases NE at nerve terminal

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9
Q

mechanism

Atenolol

A

B1 antagonist (decrease HR, contractility, reduce CO, O2 demand) inhibit renin release (reduce aldosterone, reduce volume) decrease CNS symp tone

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10
Q

mechanism

atomexitine

A

CNS stimulant blocks NE reuptake

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11
Q

mechanism

atorvastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors inhibit cholesterol synth increase LDL receptor expression increase LDL/VLDL clearance vasodilation (vis NO release stim)

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12
Q

mechanism

atropine

A

blocks muscarinic receptors

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13
Q

mechanism

bethanechol

A

decrease HR, contractility stim at SA node, atria no effect on ventricles! small bl vessel dilation

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14
Q

mechanism

BiDil (hydralazine+ isosorbide dinitrate)

A

arteriole dilator (hydralazine) (reduce afterload) venous dilatior (dinitrate) (reduce preload)

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15
Q

mechanism

botulinum toxin

A

cleaves presynaptic SNAP25 (prevents ACh release)

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16
Q

mechanism

caffeine

A

do NOT bind adren. receptors inhibit phospodiesterase (inhibit breakdown of cAMP) increase HR, contractility increase RR bronchodilation systemic vasodilation diffuse cortical stimulation

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17
Q

mechanism

candesARTan

A

similar to ACE (block farther down)

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18
Q

mechanism

captopril

A

inhibits ACE vasodilation reduce preload (reduce aldosterone) reduce afterload (reduce periph resis)

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19
Q

mechanism

carbachol

A

decrease HR, contractility stim at SA node, atria no effect on ventricles! small bl vessel dilation

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20
Q

mechanism

carvediLOL

A

-inhibit cAMP and Ca release by blocking B1 receptors in heart -decrease contractility, HR -inhibit renin release A1 antagonist (vasodilation, decreased BP)

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21
Q

mechanism

cholestyramine

A

binds bile acids and cholest metabolites not absorbed from gut increases cholestero > bile acids up-reg LDL receptors, LDL clearance

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22
Q

mechanism

Clonidine

A

depletes NE in brainstem presynap ves inhibit NE release at cleft (negative feedback)

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23
Q

mechanism

cocaine

A

CNS stimulant blocks NE reuptake

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24
Q

mechanism

digoxin

A

inhibts Na/K ATPase increases Ca increases contractility decreases HR (increases vagal stim decreases SA node stim decreases AV conduction) decreased resting potential/conduction increased vagal effects

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25
Q

mechanism

diltiazem

A

L-type Ca channel block rate control (in nodes and depolarized) decrease Ca decrease contractility decrease HR

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26
Q

mechanism

Dobutamine

A

B1 stimulation increase contractility low/no effect on HR!!!

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27
Q

mechanism

donepezil

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

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28
Q

mechanism

dopamine

A

B1, B2, DA agonist high dose A1 agonist increase HR, contractility renal vasodilation (DA) low dose systemic vasodilation low dose vasoconstriction high dose

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29
Q

mechanism

enalaPRIL

A

inhibits ACE vasodilation reduce preload (reduce aldosterone) reduce afterload (reduce periph resis)

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30
Q

mechanism

endrophonium

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

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31
Q

mechanism

ephedrine

A

weak alpha, beta stim

stim NE release

B2 at low dose, vasodilation

B1 at high dose

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32
Q

mechanism

epinephrine

A

low dose B1, B2 agonist increase HR, contract, CO vasodilation (coronary aa) decrease glycogen synth high dose A1 agonist (vasoconstriction)

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33
Q

mechanism

eplerenONE

A

inhibits aldosterone blocks Na retention protects against fibrosis

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34
Q

mechanism

Esmolol

A

B1 antagonist (decrease HR, contractility, reduce CO, O2 demand) inhibit renin release (reduce aldosterone, reduce volume) decrease CNS symp tone

35
Q

mechanism

Ezetimibe

A

decreases absorption at intest. brush border cells

36
Q

mechanism

flecainide

A

blocks sick and healthy Na channels no effect on repolarization increase refractory

37
Q

mechanism

furosemide

A

reduce preload reduce stress reduce edema

38
Q

mechanism

galantamine

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

39
Q

mechanism

gemfibrozil

A

stimulate FA oxidation decrease Apo-CIII, VLDL and TAG clearance Increase HDL Increase LDL receptor expression

40
Q

mechanism

Guanethidine

A

Competes/depletes NE in presynap ves

41
Q

mechanism

hexamethonium

A

blocks nicotinic receptors locally disrupts NMJ transmission

42
Q

mechanism

Hydralazine

A

Vasodilation

43
Q

mechanism

hydrochlorothiazide

A

inhibts Na-Cl co-transport at DCT volume reduction decrease periph resistance

44
Q

mechanism

ipratropium

A

blocks muscarinic receptors

45
Q

mechanism

isoprotenerol

A

B1, B2 agonist increase HR, contractility periph vasodilation decrease BP increase CO

46
Q

mechanism

isosorbide dinitrate

A

prodrugs > NO increase cGMP decrease Ca vasodilation (low - venous high - arterial coronary aa)

47
Q

mechanism

lidocaine

A

blocks depolarized Na channels increase K+ permeability decrease Purkinje automaticity

48
Q

mechanism

methylphenidate

A

CNS stimulant

49
Q

mechanism

metoprolol

A

decrease SA rate and AV conduction -inhibit cAMP and Ca release by blocking B1 receptors in heart -decrease contractility -decrease HR -inhibit renin release

50
Q

mechanism

mexiletine

A

blocks depolarized Na channels increase K+ permeability decrease Purkinje automaticity

51
Q

mechanism

milrinone

A

increase cAMP via B1 and B2 increase contractility increase HR decrease periph resistance

52
Q

mechanism

Minoxidil

A

Activates K+ channel in smooth muscle

53
Q

mechanism

neostigmine

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

54
Q

mechanism

niacin

A

inhibits lipolysis in adipose decreases free FAs in circulation decreases VLDL synth inhibits LDL production decreases HDL catabolism

55
Q

mechanism

nifedipine

A

decrease contractility decrease HR

56
Q

mechanism

nimodipine

A

decrease contractility decrease HR

57
Q

mechanism

NITroglycerin

A

prodrugs > NO increase cGMP decrease Ca vasodilation low - venous high - arterial (coronary aa)

58
Q

mechanism

norepinephrine

A

B1 and A1 agonist No B2 effects! increase HR, contractility no effect on CO vasoconstriction, incr BP decrease glycogen synth

59
Q

mechanism

phentolamine

A

A1 antagonist (vasodilation decrease BP) A2 antagonist (increase NE at synapses)

60
Q

mechanism

phenylephrine

A

A1 agonist vasoconstriction increase BP reflex lower HR

61
Q

mechanism

phenyloxybenzamine

A

irreversivle A1 antagonist vasodilation

62
Q

mechanism

physostigmine

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

63
Q

mechanism

pravastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors inhibit cholesterol synth increase LDL receptor expression increase LDL/VLDL clearance vasodilation (vis NO release stim)

64
Q

mechanism

Prazosin

A

reversible A1 antagonist vasodilation, decrease BP relax bladder sm. muscle

65
Q

mechanism

procainamide

A

blocks sick and healthy Na channels prolongs repolarization increase refractory period

66
Q

mechanism

Propanolol

A

inhibit cAMP and CA release B1 antagonist (decrease HR, contractility, reduce CO, O2 demand) B2 antagonist (peripheral vasoconstriction) inhibit renin release (reduce aldosterone, reduce volume) decrease CNS symp tone

67
Q

mechanism

quinidine

A

blocks sick and healthy Na channels prolongs repolarization increase refractory period

68
Q

mechanism

Reserpine

A

Competes/depletes NE in presynap ves

69
Q

mechanism

rivastigmine

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

70
Q

mechanism

sarin gas

A

inhibits Ach-erase in synapses incr Ach in synapse low dose muscarinic (parasymp) high dose nicotinic (skeletal muscle)

71
Q

mechanism

Sodium nitroprusside

A

low - veins high - aterioles

72
Q

mechanism

sotalol

A

block K+ efflux channels Increase AP duration, refractory period

73
Q

mechanism

sprinolactONE

A

inhibits aldosterone blocks Na retention protects against fibrosis

74
Q

mechanism

succinylcholine

A

blocks nicotinic receptors locally disrupts NMJ transmission

75
Q

mechanism

terbutaline

A

B2 agonist B1 at high dose

76
Q

mechanism

theophylline

A

do NOT bind adren. receptors inhibit phospodiesterase (inhibit breakdown of cAMP) increase HR, contractility increase RR bronchodilation systemic vasodilation diffuse cortical stimulation

77
Q

mechanism

thiazide

A

reduce preload reduce stress reduce edema

78
Q

mechanism

Timolol

A

specificity for B1 in eyes (inhibit aqu. hum. production)

79
Q

mechanism

tubocurarine

A

blocks nicotinic receptors locally disrupts NMJ transmission

80
Q

mechanism

tyramine

A

non-CNS in food, stims gut

81
Q

mechanism

varenicline (Chantix)

A

partial nicotinic agonist blocks nicotine

82
Q

mechanism

vecuronium

A

blocks nicotinic receptors locally disrupts NMJ transmission

83
Q

mechanism

verapamil

A

L-type Ca channel block rate control (in nodes and depolarized) decrease HR decrease contractility decrease periph resistance no reflex tachycardia

HEART DRUGZ (5 decks)

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