Mechanics of Abnormal Gait

Question 1

5 Causes Abnormal Gait

Answer 1

1. Decreased Joint motion- contracture (elastic or rigid), joint stiffness
2. Weakness
3. Pain
4. Impaired Feedback- proprioception, vestibular, sensory, visual)
5. Impaired Motor Control- lack selective muscle control=coactivation of groups

Question 2

Spasticity

Answer 2

Abnormal response to quick stretch- exaggerated stretch reflex
ex: swing phase rec fem abnormal response blocks knee flexion
Fast (clonus) or slow

Question 3

Penalties of Abnormal Gait

Answer 3

Decreased shock absorb
Excessive COM movement
Inc energy expend (overuse)
Decrs prep for swing (PSw)
Decrs prep for stance (TSw)
Decrs limb advancement (swing)
Decrs fwd prog (stance)
Decrs stability
Decrs stride length
Decrs foot clearance
Incrs soft tissue stress/strain

Question 4

Normal Ankle Saggital Gait

Answer 4

0-10PF [eccent ant tib]
10-5DF [eccent calf]
5-10DF [eccent calf]
10-20PF [concen calf]
20-5PF [concen ant tib]
5-0 [concen ant tib]
0 [isomet ant tib]

Question 5

Normal Knee Saggital Gait

Answer 5

0-20F [eccen quad]
20-0 [concn quad]
0
0-40F
40-60F [conc bic short]
60-30F
30-0 [conc quad]

Question 6

Normal Hip Sag Gait

Answer 6

20F [iso glut/ham]
20-0 [conen exten->none]
0-20E [ant capsule]
20-0 [concen rec/add long]
0-10F [concen pso/illiac]
10-20F [concen pso/illiac]
20F [iso ham/glutmax]

Question 7

Normal Ankle Frontal Plane

Answer 7

3-5S [eccentric inverters]

4-6 P [concent inverters]

Question 8

Normal Knee/Hip Trans Plane Gait

Answer 8

4-6 IR [eccen glutemax, piriformis, ERs]

4-6 ER to neutral [con/iso same muscles]

Question 9

Normal Hip Frontal Plane

Answer 9

5/7 adduct [eccen glut med/max/ TFL]

to neutral [ios/conc same muscles]