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RCram > Mechanical Ventilation > Flashcards

Mechanical Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for vent

A
  • VD/VQ> 60%
    -QS/QT >20%
    -A-a gradient >300mmhg
    -decreased VT< 5ml
    -MIP<~20
    -MEP<40cmh2o
    Mv < 5 or > 10
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2
Q

MIP explanation

A

Strength of patients diaphragm

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3
Q

MEP explanation

A

Strength of pt abdominal muscles

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4
Q

VD/VQ explanation

A

How much VT is lost to VD

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5
Q

QS/QT explanation

A

Any condition that causes collapses or fill alveoli with fluid.. causes a pulmonary shunt

<20%

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6
Q

A-a gradient explation

A

Determine the source of hypoxemia
<300

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7
Q

VC explanation

A

Is the amount of air that can be forcefully blown out

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8
Q

Impeding respiratory failure

A

Indicates an increase in Co2 levels.

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9
Q

Presistant hypoximia

A

.

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10
Q

Respiratory rate <8 or >30

A

Intitubate

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11
Q

Static compliance

A

<25ml/cm indicates how stiff the lungs are.

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12
Q

Persistent hypoxemia

A

Patient is unable to oxygenate

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13
Q

IPPV
IPAP setting

A

12cm h2o

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14
Q

IPPV
EPAP setting

A

5cmh2o

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15
Q

Modified jaw trust indicated with

A

Patients with suspected cervical injury

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16
Q

Permissive hypercapnia MV tx

A

Use a low VT

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17
Q

High PEEP is used in ARDS to prevent

A

Atelectotrauma

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18
Q

Capnography

A

Measures end tidal CO2

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19
Q

Capnography indications

A

Confirms ETT placement
MV
CPR

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20
Q

Capnography provides rapid detection of

A

Circuit disconnect
Esophageal intubation
Hyperventilation
Hypo ventilation

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21
Q

Aveoliar Mv

A

(Vt-dead space) * rate

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22
Q

What increases work of breathing

A

Deadespace COPD

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23
Q

Do not add dead space to patients with

A

Closed head injury
SIMV mode

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24
Q

Alveolar minuet ventilation

A

Rate x (tidal volume - mechanical and anatomic deadspace)

25
Q

Decrease in compliance causes

A

ARDS, atelectasis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax, pulmonary fibrosis

26
Q

Decreased compliance treatment on MV pt

A

Use low tidal volumes 4 to 6
Change mode to PC orHFOV

27
Q

Decrease in compliance treatment

A
28
Q

Rise in raw causes

A

Pip to rise

29
Q

Increased raw causes

A

Bronhncospams
Secretions
Ett obstruction
Or too small

30
Q

Static compliance formula

A

Tidal volume/plateau – PEEP

31
Q

Complications of auto Peep

A

Cardiac output
Barotrauma
Increases work of breathing

32
Q

Pvo2 definition

A

Is the pressure oxygen mixed venous blood.

33
Q

Pvo2 decreases when

A

Cardiac output & peep decreases

34
Q

Pvo2 decreases when

A

Cardiac output & peep decreases

35
Q

Pvo2 range

A

35 to 45

36
Q

How to determine optimal PEEP

A

expiratory hold

37
Q

Bronchospasm and airway secretions both increase this

A

Airway resistance

38
Q

Which waveform can airtrapping best be observed?

A

Flow-time

39
Q

Dynamic compliance calculation

A

Exhaled volume/PIP - PEEP

40
Q

Static compliance calculation

A

Exhaled volume/Plateau - PEEP

41
Q

Minute ventilation calculation

A

Rate x tidal volume

42
Q

ARDS, pulmonary fibrosis, atelectasis, and pneumothorax all decrease this…

A

lung compliance

43
Q

Calculation for anatomic deadspace

A

Anatomic deadspace = approximately 1 ml per pound

44
Q

IPPB is used to

A

Help the patient take deeper breaths
Stimulate cough
Prevent Atelectasis

45
Q

IPPB helps to

A

Improve gas exchange
Increase lung compliance
Reduce work of breathing

46
Q

IPPB improves

A

Breath sounds
Oxygenation
Improves VC
Chest X-ray
Cough

47
Q

IPPB Pressure controls

A

VT

48
Q

IPPB Flow controls

A

I- time

49
Q

IPPB sensitivity controls

A

Patient triggered breath

50
Q

IPPB- increasing the flow will decrease the …

A

I-time

51
Q

IPPB- decrease the flow will…

A

Increase the I-time

52
Q

IPPB- premature cycling is due to

A

Tongue blocking mouthpiece
Exhaling into mouthpiece

53
Q

Static compliance

A

VT/Platue - peep

54
Q

IBW male

A

50+2.3( height in”-60)

55
Q

IBW female

A

45.5+ 2.3( height in”-60)

56
Q

RSBI

A

<105

57
Q

RSBI calculation

A

RSBI = rate/tidal volume in liters.
Use the following steps to determine RSBI:
First, convert ml into Liters.
Next, divide rate by VT in liters by 0.7 to get RSBI

58
Q

RSBI calculation

A

RSBI = rate/tidal volume in liters.
Use the following steps to determine RSBI:
First, convert ml into Liters.
Next, divide rate by VT in liters by 0.7 to get RSBI

RCram (10 decks)

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