Mechanical Properties of Solids Flashcards
Conditions for a body to be rigid
Relative position of the particle remains unchanged when external deforming forces are applied
Elasticity
Property of a body to regain its original shape and size after deforming
Perfectly Elastic Body
Body that perfectly regain its orginal shape and size after the removal of deforming force
Plastic Body
Body remains in partial or fully deformed shape
Longitudinal Force
Force that are parallel to the length of the object
Stress
Force/Area
Strain
Change in length/ Total length
Elastic Limit
Maximum stress which on removing the deforming force makes the body recover completely its original state
Proportional Limit
Limit in which stress is directly proportional to strain
Plastic Region
Region beyond elastic region where material acts as a plastic material
Yield Point
Point beyond the elastic region at which the length of the wire or the rod starts increasing without increasing much of stress
Breaking Point
Point when strain becomes so large, the object breaks
Breaking strength
Maximum stress a material can endure
Young’s Module
Longitudinal Stress/Longitudinal Strain
Y= FL/AΔL
Reciprocal of the bulk modulus
Compressibility
Surface Tension
Property of the liquid surface due to which the surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane
Cohesive Force
Intermolecular force between atoms of the molecules of the same substance
Adhesive Force
Intermolecular force between atoms or the molecule of different substances
Work done by a liquid drop of radius r
4πr^2T
Work done by a liquid bubble of radius r
8πr^2T
Excess pressure inside a spherical liquid drop
2T/R
Excess pressure inside a bubble
4T/R
Excess pressure inside a hypothetical liquid cylinder
T/R
Force on glass slide
TA/r
Height that liquid is going to rise in a capillarity tube
2Tcosθ/rrhog
VIscous Force
6πηvr
