Mech Lec 4 Immunology overview

Question 1

What are the functions of the immune system?

Answer 1

• Defense
  -Homeostasis
  -Surveillance

Question 2

What is the immune system divided into:

Answer 2

Adaptive and Innate community

Question 3

What is the adaptive community?

Answer 3

composed of lymphocytes
-specific and diverse, remembers
-self and non - self recognition

Question 4

What is the innate community?

Answer 4

present from birth
-body’s first line of defense from germs entering body
-no need for previous exposure
-not specific; responds the same way to all germs

Question 5

Why do innate and adaptive communities work together?

Answer 5

To provide and effective defense system

Question 6

What are the components of innate immunity?

Answer 6

Physical barriers: skin
-mucous membranes-respiratory, GI, urogenital tract trap bacteria which are removed by ciliated cells
-ear wax
physiological barriers: acid ph- on skin, stomach, and in the urogenital tract inhibit bacterial growth
-detergent like activity on skin (fatty acids) and in small intestine inhibit
-hydrolytic activity of lysosome in saliva, tears, vaginal secretions destroy bacterial cell walls
-interferons and complement (chemical barriers proteins) participate in cell killing by forming pores in membranes

Question 7

Direct cell killing?

Answer 7

Natural killer cells are lymphocytes that can recognize and destroy viral infected or cancerous cells. They release cytotoxic molecules that cause the abnormal cell to undergo apoptosis that can be initiated by TNF

Question 8

What is inflammatory response(acquired immunity)?

Answer 8

response to injury or infection and has rapid innate phase and prolonged phase
-fever
-pain, swelling, redness, heat

Question 9

lymphocytes?

Answer 9

B cells-bone marrow
T cells-in thymus

Question 10

central lymphoid organs?

Answer 10

1. bone marrow
2. thymus

Question 11

peripheral lymphoid organs?

Answer 11

-spleen
-lymph nodes
-mucosal lymph nodes
-tonsils
-appendix