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1. Chemistry - chapter 6 > Measuring gases > Flashcards

Measuring gases Flashcards

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1
Q

gas

A

a state of matter with no fixed shape or volume and which fills the space avaliable

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2
Q

properties of gas

A

low density, unfixed volume and shape, easily compressable, mix readily with other gases

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3
Q

ideal gas

A

a substance assumed to be composed of molecules of negligable volume and with no intermolecular interactions of exchange of energy when a collision occurs

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4
Q

pressure

A

the force exerted by on the walls of the container enclosing it

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5
Q

what is pressure reliant on

A

the temperatue, volume and mole of the gas, the molar mass of the gas does not effect pressutre

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6
Q

mmHg

A

millimetres of Hg (mercury)

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7
Q

Kpa

A

kiloppascals

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8
Q

pa

A

pascals

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9
Q

atm

A

atmospheres of pressutre

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10
Q

100 Kpa is how many atm

A

0.987

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11
Q

100 Kpa is how many mmHg

A

750

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12
Q

1 atm is how many Kpa

A

101.3

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13
Q

absolute zero

A

the temperature at which the moolecules in a substance have zero kinetic energy, which means that it is not possible to remove any more energy from it

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14
Q

to convert celcius to kelvin

A

+273

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15
Q

kelvin unit

A

represented by T, unit is K

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16
Q

equation to calculate pressure/volume/moles/Temp (non-standard conditions)

A

PV=nRT

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17
Q

PV=nRT worded equation

A

Pressure (Kpa) x Volume (L) = moles x Universal gas constant (8.31 J/mol/K) x Temperature (K)

18
Q

what are the standard lab conditions

A

25°C, 100KPa

19
Q

SLC stands for

A

standard lab conditions

20
Q

molar volume

A

the amount of volume occupied by 1 mole of any gas at a particular temperature and pressure

21
Q

Vm

A

molar volume

22
Q

equation to find molar volume/volume/moles at SLC

A

n=V/Vm

23
Q

n=V/Vm worded equation

A

moles= Volume of gas (L)/ molar volume at SLC (Lmol-1)

24
Q

kinetic molar theory

A

model to explain the properties of a gas based on the behaviour of the particles of teh gas

25
Q

how do gas particles move

A

rapidly in random, straight line motion

26
Q

pressure equation with force and area

A

Pressure (Nm-2 / 1 Pa) = forrce (N)/area(m2)

27
Q

partial pressure

A

the pressure exerted by 1 gas in a mixture if gases

28
Q

GHG

A

greenhouse gases

29
Q

greenhouse gases

A

gases that have the property of being able to absorb and re-emit infrared radiation

30
Q

the process of ghg’s absorbing and re-emitting infrared

A
  1. infrared radiation hits a molecule of ghg and causes the bonds to vibrate and bend at a greater rate 2. the molecule then re-emits this infrared heat in all directions, with some escaping into space, butless than would have escaped if ghgs werent present 3. this results in some of the suns heat energy becoming trapped in the lower atmosphere
31
Q

global warming potential

A

a measure of how mmmuch energy the emissions of 1 ton of gas will absorb over a given period of time, relative to 1 ton of carbon dioxide

32
Q

the larger the gwp…

A

the more that the given gas warms the earth coompared to CO2 in a given time period (usually 100 years)

33
Q

the greenhouse effect

A

a natural process that warms the earths surface, it allows life to exist on earth (otherwise average temperature would be -18)

34
Q

how does a greenhouse work

A
  1. short wavelenths from the sun have a lot of energy so are strong enough to pass through gllass 2. once the suns radiation touches an object, the short wavelength turns into a long wavelength 3. the long wavelength has less energy and cannot pass back through thr glass
35
Q

enhanced greenhouse effect

A

human induced, is a result of burning fossil fuels and clearing of land that has incresed the amount og ghg’s in the atmosphere, hence more heat being trapped

36
Q

causes of an increase in greenhouse gases

A

fires and deforestation, industrialisation, agriculture - practices and animal husbandry

37
Q

how does fires aaand deforestation contribute to imcreased ghg’s

A

CO2 is released and the removal of trees means less absorbtion of CO2

38
Q

how does industrialisation cayse increased GHG;s

A

release of CO2 equivalent chemicals and ohotochemical smog

39
Q

how does agriculture practices increae GHg

A

fuels release CO2, fertilisers release N2O

40
Q

how does animal husbandry (agriculture) contribute to GHG’s

A

increase in catttle which results in an increase in methane

1. Chemistry - chapter 6 (6 decks)

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