Measuring and Controlling Respiration Flashcards
Tidal volume
Amount of air that enters lungs during quiet breathing
Inspiratory reserve volume
Produced by a deep inspiration past a tidal inspiration
Expiratory reserve volume
Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled past normal tidal expiration
Residual volume
Air remaining in lungs after exhaling as much as possible
Inspiratory capacity
Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume
Functional residual capacity
Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
Vital capacity
Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume
Total lung capacity
Vital capacity + residual volume
How do structural features facilitate oxygen diffusion from the alveolar air to the blood?
Form a very thin barrier for gases to cross. Alveolar and capillary surfaces are larger. Blood is distributed through the capillaries in a thin layer so that each RBC comes close to alveolar air
External respiration
The exchange of garages with the external environment, occurs in alveoli of the lungs
Internal respiration
The exchange of gases with the internal environment, occurs in the tissues
What is the exchange of gases due to?
Simple diffusion (no energy required)
Where are the respiratory conctrol centres located?
In the brain stem (pons and medulla)
Control nerves
Medullary rhythmicity centre generates…
the basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle
