Measurement of disease and health

Question 1

Name a few factors that can increase or
or decrease the prevalence

Answer 1

• Incidence
• Duration
• Immigration and emigration
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Report

Question 2

**What does incidence measure? **

Answer 2

incidence is a measures the risk of developing a disease

Question 3

Define Incidence

Answer 3

The number of new cases of a disease occurring in the population during a specific period of time divided by the number of persons at risk for developing the disease in the population

Question 4

Name a few uses of Epidemiology

Answer 4

• describe impact of disease on a population
• describe natural history of disease
• Causes of disease
• Assess quality of diagnostic and screening tests
• select an appropriate and effective intervention strategy
• evaluate effectiveness of intervention and prevention programs
• evaluate effectiveness of health services
• evaluate disease screening programs
• ormulation and evaluation of health policy

Question 5

What element must be included when calculating incidence so that it will be a measure of risk

Answer 5

TIME

We must specify a period of time and have all of the individuals in the denominator followed up for that entire period

Question 6

Define incidence rate

Answer 6

The rate at which new events occur in a population.The numerator is the number of new events that occur in a defined period or other physical span. The denominator is the population at risk of experiencing the event during this period, sometimes expressed as person-time; it may instead be in other units, such as passenger-miles.

Question 7

**When calculating incidence, what does the denominator represent? **

Answer 7

The denominator represents the number of people who are at risk for developing the disease

Question 8

Define incidence rate ratio

Answer 8

The incidence rate in the exposed group divided by the incidence rate in the unexposed group. Often referred to as the rate ratio.

Question 9

Define epidemiology

Answer 9

Epidemiology is the study of how disease is distributed in
populations and of the factors that influence or determine this
distribution

Question 10

Incidence per 1,000＝

Answer 10

of new cases of a disease occurring in the
population during a specific period of time
I =————————————————————– *1000
# of persons at risk of developing the disease
during that period of time