Measles Flashcards
An acute highly communicable infection characterized by fever, rashes and upper respiratory tract symptoms
MEASLES
MEASLES OTHER NAME:
Rubeola Virus,
7 day measles
MEASLES Causative Agent:
Morbilli paramyxoviridae
Filterable virus of the measles
Morbilli paramyxoviridae
Virus or Bacteria?
CLASSIFICATION: virus
Mode of Transmission:
-Droplet
-Direct contact (secretion of nose and throat of infected
-PROBABLY Airborne
MEASLES Incubation period:
10-14 days
PERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITY
4 days before and 5 days
after rash appearance
SUSCEPTIBILITY:
- Babies BORN OF MOTHERS who had the DISEASE IMMUNE for the first months of life
- Permanent acquired immunity
- AFTER ATTACK OF MEASLES
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Virus directly infects the alveolar macrophages
->replicates for 2-3 days in the LUNGS
-> spread to the
regions of lymphoid tissue
->different systems
Measles s/sx
starts with __ and then later with _?
Starts with coryza (nasal drip, colds, flu like symptoms) and later with conjunctivitis (inflammation of the
conjunctiva/inflamed eyes)
Measles s/sx
how many days of coryza?
2-3 days of coryza
MEASLES Pathognomonic sign
Koplik spots
Characterizes as whitish grayish pecks are found on the inner the surface of the cheeks
Koplik spots (Pathognomonic sign)
Characterized by transverse line of inflammation along the eyelid margin
Stimson’s line
Appears on the 3rd or 4th day on the face, body and extremities ending in branny desquamation (peeling off)
Maculopapular (Morbilliform) rash
Measles s/x
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Koplik Spots [pathognomonic]
Maculopapular [Morbilliform] rash
High fever 38.9
Stimson’s Line
Maculopapular (Morbilliform) rash
branny desquamation (peeling off)
Stimson’s line
inflammation
along the eyelid margin
Koplik spots
Pathognomonic sign)
Whitish grayish pecks @ inner surface of cheeks
distribution of s/sx?
cephalocaudal (head to toe)
q Peripheral blood smear
q Sample from the rash, AEICIN blue or METHYLENE STAINING REAGENTS, visualize under microscope
Dx test for Measles: WRIGHT STRAINING
Dx test for Measles?
WRIGHT STRAINING
MANAGEMENT
o Rest
o TSB (to promote heat loss through evaporation)
o Antipyretics as prescribed (Tylenol)
o Airborne precautions (wear N95 mask/ well fitted
respiratory mask)
o Isolation until about 5 to 7 days after onset of
rash
o Protect eyes from glare of light (photosensitivity;
conjunctivitis, stimson’s line)
o Keep adequately ventilated but free from draft
and chilling
2 vaccine prophylaxis/ prevention
AMV vaccine
MMR vaccine
Measles vaccine should not be given to ?,
or to persons with/////?
Measles vaccine should not be given to PREGNANT women,
or to persons with ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS, LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOMA
or DEPRESSED IMMUNE SYSTEM.
COMPLICATIONS OF MEASLES
D-O-P-E
Diarrhea
Otitis media
Pneumonia
Encephalitis (inflammation of brain tissues)
