DIPHTHERIA Flashcards
Acute febrile infection of the tonsil, throat, nose, larynx that usually affects the mucous membranes of the nose and throat.
DIPHTHERIA
DIPHTHERIA causative agent:
CA: Corynebacterium diptheria (Klebs- Loeffler bacillus)
DIPHTHERIA CLASSIFICATION:
bacteria
DIPHTHERIA SOURCE OF INFECTION
§ Discharges and secretions from nose, nasopharynx
§ From skin and other lesions
§ Reservoir= Man
DIPHTHERIA incubation period
2-5 days
DIPHTHERIA PERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITY
2 weeks
DIPHTHERIA MOT:
D-D-M
“Diptheria is a loyalista ni bbm”
§ Droplet
§ Direct contact
§ Milk (unpasteurized milk) has served as a vehicle
DIPHTHERIA SUSCEPTIBILITY
§ INFANTS BORN OF MOTHERS who had diphtheria are relatively immune but disappears before the 6th
month after birth
§ RECOVERY FROM an attack of diphtheria does not
confer persistent immunity
DIPHTHERIA Pathognomonic sign:
Pseudo membrane
characterized by a thick, gray membrane covering the throat and
tonsils
Pseudo membrane (membrane of dead tissues d/t bacteria)
types of DIPHTHERIA
- Nasal diphtheria
- Pharyngeal diphtheria
- Laryngeal diphtheria
Hoarseness of voice
what type of Diphtheria?
Laryngeal diphtheria
a. Sore throat
b. Tonsillitis
c. Bull neck appearance (one of the PS)
what type of Diphtheria?
Pharyngeal diphtheria
a. Coryza- enters the nasopharynx
b. Epistaxis
c. Adenitis/ lymphadenopathy
what type of Diphtheria?
Nasal diphtheria
What is the purpose of Schick’s test in diagnosing diphtheria, and how is the test administered?
Purpose: Schick’s test determines susceptibility and immunity to diphtheria.
Administration: A minute amount of diphtheria toxin is injected into the skin of the LEFT forearm.
The DIPHTHERIA dx test that assesses the individual’s immune response to diphtheria toxin by observing skin reactions. The injection of a 0.1-0.2 mL amount of toxin helps evaluate if the person has developed immunity. Administering it in the left forearm allows for standardized testing.
Schick’s test
An induration of 10 mm wheal formation, indicating an erythematous reaction that developed after 4 days and persisted for 7 days before fading.
positive Schick’s test
what will happen to a NEGATIVE Schick’s test?
no skin reaction
DIPTHTHERIA dx test that determines hypersensitivity to the diphtheria toxoid given ID
Moloney’s test
DIPHTHERIA MANAGEMENT:
o Proper disposal of secretions
o Coughing etiquette (cover mouth/nose) o Avoid use of common towels, glasses and eating
utensils (contact or direct/ indirect)
o Strict isolation (5 to 7 days)
o Rest
o Soft diet (tonsillar involvement); small, frequent feedings
o Pasteurization of milk: 71.6-71.7 C for 5-15 seconds
PREVENTION of Diphtheria
DPT vaccine
