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CP3 Knowledge Resits > MDD/fractures > Flashcards

MDD/fractures Flashcards

1
Q

What fracture does Weber’s relate to

A

fibular

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2
Q

Describe webers

A

A - just the tip, no syndesmosis involvment (inverseion, stable). Still may need ORIF.

B- fracture diagonal up fibular may of may not have syndesmosis involvment (eversion, ?stable). Management decided by senior.

C - High on fibular, syndesmosis is stretched (side-force, ?not stable). ORIF

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3
Q

What fracture does Garden relate to

A

NOF

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4
Q

Describe Gardens

A
  1. * Impacted slightly crooked fracture, bone still mainly intact. No displacement. IM screw
  2. * Fracture all the way through NOF not displaced in anyway. IM screw
  3. * Fracture complete and head slightly displaced. Loads of angulation in trabecular network. Hemi/full arthroplasty
  4. * Facture complete head off-ended. Hemi/full arthroplasty

1 2 give it a screw 3 4 gonna need a bit more.

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5
Q

What fracture does salter-harris relate to

A

Paeds fracture involving epiphyseal plate

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6
Q

describe salter harris

A
  1. * Growth plate only - can’t see on x ray
  2. * Through GP and metaphysis - most common
  3. * Through GP and epiphysis
  4. * Through GP E and M
  5. * Crush - can’t se on x-ray

E->G->M

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7
Q

What does Gustilo & Anderson fracture relate to

A

Open fracture following debridement

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8
Q

Describe Gustilo and anderson

A
  1. * Simple fracture + wound <1cm
  2. * Simple fracture + wound >1cm
  3. * Compound fracture + any wound size, broken into 3

a. Some coverage of bone -> allow soft tissue to recover then internal fixation, cover with existing soft tissue. Can apply to type 1 and 2 as well
b. Bare bone can’t be covered with remaining soft tissue -> external fixation and plastics input, ABx
c. Arteries damaged -> ugrent vascular input, Abx

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9
Q

Management of Hip #

A
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10
Q

Define galeazzi #

A

Radius # and dislocations of distal radial-ulnar joint

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11
Q

Define Monteggia #

A

Proximal ulnar # with dislocation of the radial head

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12
Q

How to remember Monteggia and galeazzi

A

MU GR Monteggia = Ulnar #

Also monteggiA = proximal

Galeazzi = Radial #

Also galeazZi = distal

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13
Q

Define Smith’s #

A

Distal radius # with volar/palmar angulation

Caused by falling on a flexed hand

Remember S–>P (palmar)

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14
Q

Define Colle’s #

A

Radius # with dorsal angulation

Caused by falling on an extended hand

If pt not elderly female is osteoporosis describe as colle’s form/FOOSH

Remember C to D to E (extended hand)

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15
Q

Principles of management of scaphiod #

A

* The more proximal the # the more likely malunion is

* Malunion = AVN

* The high the risk of AVN the more likely the pt is to need surgery (screw)

* Blood supply comes from the distal end of the scaphiod

* If on initial injury no # seen –> splint and re x-ray in 2/52

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16
Q

what does Schatzker relate to

A

Tibial #

17
Q

Describe Schatzker

A
  1. * The lateral nub is fractured no displacement
  2. * The lateral nub is fractured and depression of lateral plateau
  3. * In lateral compartment no obvious fracture but completely depressed
  4. * Medial plateau only pathology either fracture or depression
  5. * Fracture of both medial and lateral plateau
  6. * Fracture of tibia plateau and shaft
18
Q

Types of Vertebral #

A

* Spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis

* Jefferson’s fracture

* Hangmans fracture

* Odontoid fracture

* Clay Shoveler’s fracture

* Tear drop fracture

* vertebral body compression fracture/wedge

19
Q

Describe fractures relating to spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis

A

Spondylolysis - stress fracture in pars articularis

Spondylolisthesis - above and sliding of vertebra

20
Q

Describe Jeffersons #

A

C1 vertebral # caused by a compression force to the top of the headthe fracture is of the articular surface relating to the occipital condyles

best method of imaging is an open mouth view x ray

21
Q

Describe a Hangmans fracture

A

Caused by a hyperextension of the neck,fracture is of the neural arches of C2

most easily seen on a leteral c-spine x-ray

22
Q

Describe an Odontoid fracture

A

fracture of the odontoid peg caused by hyper extension or flexion of the neck or blunt force taruma to the neck

Type 1: Avulsion fracture of just the tip - STABLE

Type 2: at the base of the dens - UNSTABLE (most common)

Type 3: involves the body of C2 - UNSTABLE

23
Q

Describe a Clay Shoveler’s fracture

A

MOI: avulsion by the supra spinous ligament in hyperflexionoblique fracture of the spinous process

24
Q

describe a Tear drop fracture

A

MOI: sudden and forceful flexionCauses # of the anterior, inferior corner of the vertebral body

25
Q

Describe vertebral body compression fracture/wedge

A

Caused by osteoporosis, tumours and trama

can appear wedge shaped and cause dislocation

26
Q

What is Bennet’s fracture

A

Fracture of the base of the first metacarpal

Caused by punching something

Usually 1st metacarpal also dislocated and 1st MCP involved

CP3 Knowledge Resits (12 decks)

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