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CP3 > MDD/Fractures > Flashcards

MDD/Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

What fracture does Weber’s relate to

A

fibular

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2
Q

Describe webers

A

A - just the tip, no syndesmosis involvment (inverseion, stable). Still may need ORIF.

B- fracture diagonal up fibular may of may not have syndesmosis involvment (eversion, ?stable). Management decided by senior.

C - High on fibular, syndesmosis is stretched (side-force, ?not stable). ORIF

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3
Q

What fracture does Garden relate to

A

NOF

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4
Q

Describe Gardens

A
  1. Impacted slightly crooked fracture, bone still mainly intact. No displacement. IM screw
  2. Fracture all the way through NOF not displaced in anyway. IM screw
  3. Fracture complete and head slightly displaced. Loads of angulation in trabecular network. Hemi/full arthroplasty
  4. Facture complete head off-ended. Hemi/full arthroplasty

1 2 give it a screw 3 4 gonna need a bit more.

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5
Q

What fracture does salter-harris relate to

A

Paeds fracture involving epiphyseal plate

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6
Q

describe salter harris

A
  1. Growth plate only - can’t see on x ray
  2. Through GP and metaphysis - most common
  3. Through GP and epiphysis
  4. Through GP E and M
  5. Crush - can’t se on x-ray

E->G->M

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7
Q

What does Gustilo & Anderson fracture relate to

A

Open fracture following debridement

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8
Q

Describe Gustilo and anderson

A
  1. Simple fracture + wound <1cm
  2. Simple fracture + wound >1cm
  3. Compound fracture + any wound size, broken into 3

a. Some coverage of bone -> allow soft tissue to recover then internal fixation, cover with existing soft tissue. Can apply to type 1 and 2 as well
b. Bare bone can’t be covered with remaining soft tissue -> external fixation and plastics input, ABx
c. Arteries damaged -> ugrent vascular input, Abx

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9
Q

Management of Hip #

A
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10
Q

Define galeazzi #

A

Radius # and dislocations of distal radial-ulnar joint

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11
Q

Define Monteggia #

A

Proximal ulnar # with dislocation of the radial head

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12
Q

How to remember Monteggia and galeazzi

A

MU GR

  • Monteggia = Ulnar #
    • Also monteggiA = proximal
  • Galeazzi = Radial #
    • Also galeazZi = distal
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13
Q

Define Smith’s #

A

Distal radius # with volar/palmar angulation

Caused by falling on a flexed hand

Remember S–>P (palmar)

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14
Q

Define Colle’s #

A

Radius # with dorsal angulation

Caused by falling on an extended hand

If pt not elderly female is osteoporosis describe as colle’s form/FOOSH #

Remember C to D to E (extended hand)

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15
Q

Principles of management of scaphiod #

A
  • The more proximal the # the more likely malunion is
  • Malunion = AVN
  • The high the risk of AVN the more likely the pt is to need surgery (screw)
  • Blood supply comes from the distal end of the scaphiod
  • If on initial injury no # seen –> splint and re x-ray in 2/52
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16
Q

what does Schatzker relate to

A

Tibial #

17
Q

Describe Schatzker

A
  1. The lateral nub is fractured no displacement
  2. The lateral nub is fractured and depression of lateral plateau
  3. In lateral compartment no obvious fracture but completely depressed
  4. Medial plateau only pathology either fracture or depression
  5. Fracture of both medial and lateral plateau
  6. Fracture of tibia plateau and shaft
18
Q

Types of Vertebral #

A
  • Spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis
  • Jefferson’s fracture
  • Hangmans fracture
  • Odontoid fracture
  • Clay Shoveler’s fracture
  • Tear drop fracture
  • vertebral body compression fracture/wedge
19
Q

Describe fractures relating to spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis

A
20
Q

Describe Jeffersons #

A

C1 vertebral # caused by a compression force to the top of the head

the fracture is of the articular surface relating to the occipital condyles

best method of imaging is an open mouth view x ray

21
Q

Describe a Hangmans fracture

A

Caused by a hyperextension of the neck,

fracture is of the neural arches of C2

most easily seen on a leteral c-spine x-ray

22
Q

Describe an Odontoid fracture

A

fracture of the odontoid peg caused by hyper extension or flexion of the neck or blunt force taruma to the neck

Type 1: Avulsion fracture of just the tip - STABLE

Type 2: at the base of the dens - UNSTABLE (most common)

Type 3: involves the body of C2 - UNSTABLE

23
Q

Describe a Clay Shoveler’s fracture

A

MOI: avulsion by the supra spinous ligament in hyperflexion

oblique fracture of the spinous process

24
Q

describe a Tear drop fracture

A

MOI: sudden and forceful flexion

Causes # of the anterior, inferior corner of the vertebral body

25
Q

Describe vertebral body compression fracture/wedge

A

Caused by osteoporosis, tumours and trama

can appear wedge shaped and cause dislocation

CP3 (11 decks)

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