Critical care/common emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
COPD definitive management
A
- Oxygen 88%-92%
- Nebulised Salbutamol+Ipatropium
- Oral pred/IV hydrocortisone
- Senior support (theophylline, magnesium sulfate)
2
Q
Asthma Definitive management
A
- Oxygen 94%-98%
- Nebulised Salbutamol+Ipatropium
- Oral pred/IV hydrocortisone
- Senior support (theophylline, magnesium sulfate)
3
Q
DKA definitive management
A
- 0.9% Saline IV
- Fixed rate insulin infusion 0.1 units/kg/hr
- Stop short acting continue long acting
- BM<10g/dL Glucose start 5% glucose
- Add K+ to correct U+E’s
4
Q
HHS definitive management
A
- 0.9% SalineIV
- Fixed rate insulin infusion 0.05unit/kg/hr
- Potassium as per u+e’s
5
Q
Hypoglycaemia definitive management
A
- If consciouss give sugary snack/short acting carb and re-check BMs in 15 mins, repeat x3
- If unconsciouss give 0.5% glucose IV, if no IV access give 1mg glucagon IM
6
Q
Ischaemic stroke definitive management
A
- If there is a clear time of onset and it is <4.5hrs since then - alteplase
- If the above not met management is: aspirin, VTE proph
7
Q
Haemorrhagic stroke definitive management
A
- Refer immediatly to neuro
- Air way protection
- Admit to stroke unit or ICU
- BP control
- VTE prophy
8
Q
Tension Pneumothorax definitive management
A
- Widebore/grey cannula into 2nd ICS mid-clavicular line
9
Q
Sepsis definitive management
A
- O2 in, lactate out
- Fluids in, UO out
- Blood cultures (2 in 24 hours at least –> 1 before IV ABx) out, IV ABx in
- Culture anything else necessary
10
Q
Anaphylaxis definitive management
A
- 0.5mg 1:1000 adrenaline IM, dose may be repeated every 5 to 15 minutes
- 0.9% saline
- IV or oral pred
- Remove offending drugs
11
Q
PE definitive management
A
- O2
- IV 0.9% saline
- Anti-coag: heparin 80 units/kg IV bolus then 18 units/kg/hour IV infusion adjusted to APTT
- Alteplase if low BP
12
Q
DVT definitive management
A
If no active bleeding, PE or pregnancy
- Rivaroxiban
- Mobiliisation
- TED stockings
13
Q
Hyperkalaemia definitive management
A
- IV calcium gluconate
- IV 0.9% saline
- Corrent other electrolyte abnormalities
- If severe >6.5 insulin and glucose + neds salbutamol
14
Q
Antidoates to ODs
A
- Warfrin - Vit K
- Opiod - naloxone
- Paracetamol - n-acetylcysteine
- Beta-blockers - glucagon
- TCA - sodium bicard
- Benzodiaz - flumazenil
15
Q
Sx of benzo, beta blocker and TCA OD
A
Benzo
- Impaired attention and memory (anterograde)
- Drowsiness, slurred speech, ataxia
Beta blocker
- Hypo-opniec, hypotensive, bradycardic
- Light headed dizzy
TCA
- Tachycardia, drowsiness, a dry mouth, N&V, urinary retention, confusion, agitation, headache
