MCQs - Ocular fundus Flashcards
What does the nerve fibre layer of the retina consist of?
a. Bipolar cells
b. Axons of the ganglion cells
c. Photoreceptor cells
d. Muller cell processes
What does the nerve fibre layer of the retina consist of?
b.Axons of the ganglion cells
What is the physiological cup?
a. The embryological invagination which forms the posterior part of the globe
b. The location of the hyaloid vasculature remnant on the posterior lens capsule
c. The pit in the optic nerve head where the hyaloid vasculature originated
d. The anterior vitreal face where it abuts the lens
What is the physiological cup?
c.The pit in the optic nerve head where the hyaloid vasculature originated
What is the pathognomonic ophthalmoscopic sign of collie eye anomaly?
a. Choroidal hypoplasia medial to the optic disc
b. Choroidal hyperplasia lateral to the optic disc
c. Coloboma on or adjacent to the optic disc
d. Choroidal hypoplasia lateral to the optic disc
What is the pathognomonic ophthalmoscopic sign of collie eye anomaly?
d.Choroidal hypoplasia lateral to the optic disc
What is the anatomical location of retinal detachments?
a. Between the retinal pigment epithelium and the tapetum
b. Between the optic disc and the neurosensory retina
c. Between neurosensory retina and the choroid
d. Between the retinal pigment epithelium and the neurosensory retina
What is the anatomical location of retinal detachments?
d. Between the retinal pigment epithelium and the neurosensory retina
What clinical signs might an owner report in a dog diagnosed with generalised progressive retinal atrophy?
a. Sudden onset blindness
b. Sudden onset white appearance to the eyes (cataract)
c. Sensitivity to bright light with squinting when the dog goes in the sun
d. Hesitance to go out at night and shiny-looking eyes
What clinical signs might an owner report in a dog diagnosed with generalised progressive retinal atrophy?
d.Hesitance to go out at night and shiny-looking eyes
You are asked to examine a cocker spaniel which appears to have some visual disturbance. On ophthalmic examination of the fundus you note multiple mid-brown patches of discolouration throughout the tapetal fundus and mild blood vessel attenuation. From this description which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Multifocal retinal dysplasia
b. Generalised progressive retinal atrophy
c. Retinal pigment epithelial degeneration
d. Active chorioretinitis
You are asked to examine a cocker spaniel which appears to have some visual disturbance. On ophthalmic examination of the fundus you note multiple mid-brown patches of discolouration throughout the tapetal fundus and mild blood vessel attenuation. From this description which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
c.Retinal pigment epithelial degeneration
You have a breeder of miniature poodles who has had his stud dog DNA tested for progressive rod cone degeneration. The dog has been found to be a carrier. The breeder asks you for advice regarding breeding. Your recommendation should be as follows
a. He can be bred to any bitch regardless of her DNA status since he cannot produce affected puppies
b. He can be bred only to DNA tested clear bitches
c. He should not be bred from at all
d. He can be bred to DNA tested clear or carrier bitches
You have a breeder of miniature poodles who has had his stud dog DNA tested for progressive rod cone degeneration. The dog has been found to be a carrier. The breeder asks you for advice regarding breeding. Your recommendation should be as follows
b.He can be bred only to DNA tested clear bitches
What is the ophthalmoscopic appearance of a total bullous retinal detachment?
a. Multiple ‘blister-like’ elevations of the retina
b. A veil-like membrane floating in the vitreous covering the optic disc
c. Large areas of haemorrhage within the retina and vitreous so that the detachment itself is obscured and cannot be directly visualised
d. A billowing membrane visible behind the lens but attached at the oral ciliaris and optic disc
What is the ophthalmoscopic appearance of a total bullous retinal detachment?
d.A billowing membrane visible behind the lens but attached at the oral ciliaris and optic disc
What is the cause of feline central retinal degeneration?
a. Vitamin E deficiency
b. Arginine deficiency
c. Taurine deficiency
d. Inherited photoreceptor dysplasia
What is the cause of feline central retinal degeneration?
c.Taurine deficiency
You are presented with a 10 year old male neutered West Highland white terrier with sudden onset blindness. The pupils are fixed and dilated and dazzle reflexes are absent. On fundus examination you are suspicious that the optic nerve heads look swollen. What further diagnostic testing would be most appropriate at this stage?
a. CSF tap
b. ERG and CSF tap
c. Chest radiography and MRI
d. ERG and MRI
You are presented with a 10 year old male neutered West Highland white terrier with sudden onset blindness. The pupils are fixed and dilated and dazzle reflexes are absent. On fundus examination you are suspicious that the optic nerve heads look swollen. What further diagnostic testing would be most appropriate at this stage?
d.ERG and MRI
