MCQ Flashcards
- Which of the following chemical analytes increase due to prolonged venous stasis during
venipuncture?
A. Total protein
B. Cortisol
C. Triglycerides
D. Sodium
E. Creatinine kinase
A
- Which of the following does not follow diurnal pattern or circadian rhythm?
A. ACTH
B. Cortisol
C. Growth hormone
D. Creatine kinase
E. Iron
D
- A woman with chronic polydipsia, polyuria, low urine osmolarity & high serum osmolarity, What is the Dx?
A. Diabetes insipidus
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Syndrome of inappropriate ADH release
D. Psychogenic polydipsia
E. Diuretic abuse
A
- Ca 1.8 mmol/L, albumin 20 g/L, Which of the following is correct?
A. Can exclude hypocalcemia after calculating the adjusted calcium concentration
B. Measure ionized calcium instead
C. hypercalcemia
B
(albumin correction of Ca only valid for albumin >20)
- A 73 year-old man with past history of hypertension now presents with headache. BP 160/110, Pulse 60 bpm, RR 25. Lab findings: increased renin & aldosterone, low plasma K and Na. What is the cause for his hypertension?
A. Increased angiotensin II
B. Increased cardiac output
C. High salt diet
D. Respiratory alkalosis
E. Increased adrenaline
A
- The following is a consequence of protein-losing enteropathy:
A. Prolonged bleeding time.
B. Osteomalacia.
C. Flat oral glucose tolerance curve.
D. Steatorrhea.
E. Recurrent infections.
E
- A 13-month-old boy presented with 2 days watery diarrhoea. He just back from Thailand. What is the most likely biochemical abnormality?
A. Hyperkalaemia predisposed to cardiac arrhythmia
B. Increased serum urea and creatinine due to volume depletion
C. Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis due to excessive bicarbonate loss
D. Increase urinary 5-HT due to carcinoid syndrome
E. Increase urinary 5-HIAA due to bacteria overgrowth in the lower ileum
B
- Which of the following is true about daily sodium excretion in a chronic renal failure patient
who has a GFR 25% of normal?
A. Increased
B. Decreased
C. Unchanged
A. A only
B. B only
C. C only
D. A and C
E. B and C
C
(daily sodium excretion != FENa)
(FENa is increased to achieve the same amount of Na excretion)
- Which of the following is true about daily urinary calcium excretion in a chronic renal failure
patient who has a GFR 25% of normal?
A. increased
B. decreased
C. unchanged
A. A only
B. B only
C. C only
D. A and C
E. B and C
B
(hypoCa –> ↑ calcium reabsorption)
- Which of the following is a reliable assessment of the patient’s GFR?
A. 1/Creatinine
B. 1/Urea
C. Fraction extraction of Na
D. Fraction reabsorption of Na
E. Total protein/albumin ratio
A
- There were two blood samples take in different time. The doctor decided there is one of the blood results incorrect. Which of the following can account for the result obtained in the wrong one?
A. Patient has gastrointestinal bleeding
B. Patient has blood transfusion
C. Patient has IV infusion
D. Wrong blood sampling tube had been used (the one for CBC)
C
- In which one of the following medical conditions should thyroxine replacement be started with caution in patients with newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism?
A. Bronchial asthma
B. Epilepsy
C. Liver cirrhosis
D. Rheumatoid arthritis
E. Ischaemic heart disease
E
- 23-year-old woman with irregular menses complains of facial hair increasing in amount over several years. She is sexually active but does not wish to conceive. Examination demonstrates hirsutism and obesity. The ovaries are bilaterally enlarged and cystic. Serum testosterone level is 1.2 ng/mL (normal; <0.8 ng/mL). Serum levels of DHEAS, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and prolactin are normal. The best single therapeutic agent for this patient is:
A. Oral contraceptive
B. Glucocorticoid
C. Clomiphene citrate (an anti-estrogen).
D. Cyproterone acetate (an anti-androgen).
E. GnRH antagonist.
A
(estrogen in COP increases synthesis of SHBG –> reduce level of circulating testosterone)
A guy with self-injection of testosterone (married and very young, like gym, well-build, already had a first child) and now present with gynecomastia and reduced testis volume.
13. Which of the following is the likely cause of the low sperm count?
A. Decrease intratesticular level of testosterone due to suppressed LH level
B. Decrease level of LH due to exogenous testosterone injection
C. Exercising too much hence increasing the temperature of the testis
D. Klinefelter syndrome
E. Undescended testis
- For the above patient, which of the following biochemical results would be decreased?
A. Oestradiol
B. SHBG
C. Prolactin
D. LDL-C
E. Testosterone
A, B
- A 17-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea with no menses but with breast development several years ago. Her height >90 percentile for female, Breast tanner stage 5, there is no pubic or axillary hair. Ultrasound showed no ovaries or uterus.
A. 17-hydroxylase deficiency
B. 5-alpha reductase deficiency
C. Androgen insensitivity syndrome
D. Klinefelter syndrome
C
(D is found in male)