MCP 33: Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

hematopoiesis

A

how blood cells mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the production of blood cells during the first trimester

A

in yolk sac, primordial RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the production of blood cells during the second trimester

A

liver-spleen-thymus, RBCs, precursor granulocytes and megakaryocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the production of blood cells during the third trimester

A

bone marrow and lymph nodes produce all blood types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hematopoiesis in adulthood

A

by age 25, the axial skeleton is now the primary producer of these blood cells, not the long distal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens as morphological characteristics increase

A

potentiality and self-renewing capabilities decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

role of mitosis in hematopoiesis

A

increases until mature blood cells, which don’t divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

role of growth factors in hematopoiesis

A

growth factors are important at
all the stages, in particular progenitor
and precursor/-blasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

differentiated activity in blood cells

A

only present in mature cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

red marrow

A

highly vascular and more active, hematopoietically speaking, becomes replaced by adipose tissue with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

venous sinusoids

A

provide a highway through bone to allow the mature blood cells to exit into the vasculature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

stromal cells

A

support hematopoiesis in bone marrow by secreting growth factors that help in development of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

erythropoiesis

A

1) size decreases, 2) hemoglobin increases, 3) ratio of mitochondria to RNA decrease and 4) Purple/blue colored nucleus becomes red/pink.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

erythropoietin

A

kidneys detect low blood oxygen levels, EPO secreted into blood, stimulated RBC growth at the progenitor level, increasing oxygen delivery to tissues , acts on Pro-erythroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

stages of erythropoiesis

A

Pro- erythroblast, Basophilic Erythroblast, Polychromatophilic Erythroblast, Normoblast, Reticulocyte, Erythrocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

reticulocyte

A

able to stain the RNA remnants of the reticulocyte using a supervital stain (cresyl blue). Reticulocytes will shed this reticular material to develop into mature erythrocytes, 1% of cells in blood are reticulocytes

17
Q

erythroblastic island

A

erythrocyte develops within the bone marrow. In the center of the island is a macrophage, which helps increase the efficiency of hematopoiesis by phagocytosing the nucleus extruded from the normoblast as well as any defective cells that are produced

18
Q

time for reticulocytes to turn into erythrocyte

A

one day

19
Q

excess of reticulocytes in the blood

A

could be an indication that the person is anemic (not enough erythrocytes) or has leukemia (overproduction of reticulocytes)

20
Q

stages of granulopoiesis

A

Myeloblast, Promyelocyte, Myelocyte, Metamyelocyte, Band Cell

21
Q

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma/Disease

A

large Reed-Sternberg cells are observed

22
Q

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

Reed-Sternberg cells not observed

23
Q

lymphomas

A

cancers of the lymphoid tissue

24
Q

leukemias

A

cancers of cells from the myeloid lineage, classified by the type of precursor cell they exploit, primarily involve the bone marrow, where tumor cells replace normal hematopoietic tissue. A deficit of leukocytes results, leaving a person more susceptible to infection.

25
Q

acute

A

if the leukemia involves the overproduction of immature cells (i.e. myeloblasts, pro-erythroblasts, megakaryoblasts)

26
Q

chronic

A

if there is an overproduction of more mature cells, because they are generally less aggressive, chronic leukemias are more treatable

27
Q

bone marrow biopsy in adults

A

taken from the sternum, vertebrae, or the iliac spine

28
Q

bone marrow biopsy in children

A

tibia

29
Q

biopsy of normal bone marrow

A

Normal bone marrow aspirants show solid pink bone, white fat cells, and hematopoietic tissue

30
Q

biopsy of cancerous bone marrow

A

leukemia bone marrow aspirants is that the cells are more densely packed and the stain is darker due to the overproduction of a precursor or mature cell of myeloid lineage

31
Q

ontology follow phylogeny

A

the developmental stages an embro goes through illustrate the forms of the ancesters of the animal, the embryonic sequence seems to be a retelling of the entire story of evolution, viz. the fetus “relives” all of the evolutionary stages: invertebrate, fish, amphibian, reptile, mammal, primate, ape, and finally human.

32
Q

myeloid stem cells

A

remain in bone marrow

33
Q

lymphoid stem cells

A

migrate to lymphoid organs