MCN Meds Exam 3 Flashcards
What is surfactant?
lipoprotein that coats lung tissue to prevents alveolar collapse
What does surfactant do for the newborn?
decreases surface tension & keeps alveoli open for gas exchange
When is surfactant made in weeks, and when is it complete?
made @ 24 weeks & complete @ 34 weeks
Why is vitamin K given to the newborn?
o decrease risk for severe bleeding, and to synthesize clotting factors
When is vitamin K given to the newborn?
within 1st hour after birth
Why is erythromycin given to the newborn?
to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum conjunctivitis (eye infection)
Why is the hepatitis b vaccine given to the newborn?
to protect child from hepatitis b
When is the hepatitis b vaccine given?
within 12 hours after birth
If mother is HBsAg negative, when can you give the hepatitis vaccine to a baby?
may defer to 1-2 month
If mother is HBsAg positive, when can you give the hepatitis vaccine to a baby?
Hep B dose 1 and HBIG (Hepatitis B immunoglobulin) within 12 hours of birth
What is an important consideration regarding breastfeeding as it relates to hepatitis b vaccination?
Both (Hepatitis B vaccine & HBIG) given before breastfeeding initiated
What is the name of the medication that can prevent RDS in a newborn that is given to mom at <34 weeks?
betamethasone
What kind of medication is betamethasone?
corticosteroid
What does betamethasone do?
it can help speed up lung development in preterm babies, causes the release of surfactant, a substance that lubricates the lungs so that they do not stick together when the infant breathes
Which medication class of meds can we give to babies with NAS?
Opiods
What 3 opiod meds can we use for NAS scores ≥8?
- morphine
- buprenorphine
- methadone
What anticonvulsant medication is used for NAS babies?
Phenobarbital
How do acetic acid drops work?
(change pH)-between infections, It works by stopping the growth of bacteria and fungus
What medication is used for the prevention of RSV in certain populations (that are immunocompromised)?
palivizumab
How does palivizumab work?
This medicine works by giving your body antibodies to protect it against RSV infection
What route, and how often is palivizumab given?
IM injection, 1x/month for 5 months
What 2 medication classes can be used to treat allergic rhinitis?
- antihistamines
* leukotriene receptor antagonists
What is an example of an antihistamine?
Benadryl (Diphenhydramine)
What are 2 examples of leukotriene receptor antagonists?
- monte (montelukast)
* zarfir (zarfirlukast)
How do leukotriene receptor antagonists work?
decreases inflammation by interfering with leukotrienes
What is dornase alpha?
inhaled mucolytic
What condition is dornase alpha used for?
Cystic fibrosis
How does pancrelipase work?
breaks down fats, proteins and carbohydrates
What condition is pancrelipased use for?
Cystic Fibrosis
Which 3 inhaled antibiotics work directly on the lungs?
- tobramycin
- ticarcillin
- gentamicin
What medication is used to treat tinea capitis?
oral griseofulvin
What medication is used to treat tinea versicolor?
- selenium sulfide
* shampoo or topical antifungal
How does benzoyl peroxide work?
Topical medication that inhibits the growth of P. acnes
What is a nursing consideration with benzoyl peroxide?
avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes; can bleach fabrics
What kind of medication should you use in combination with benzoyl peroxide?
Antibiotics
How does tretinoin work?
unblocks clogged follicles
What is a nursing consideration for tretinoin?
usually used in combination with a topical antibiotic; Onset 2 weeks, peak effect 6 weeks
What do combination oral contraceptive meds do?
reduces androgen production
How does isotretinoin work?
Reduces sebaceous gland size and sebum production
What are some nursing considerations for isotretinoin?
1. Must use 2 forms of birth control 2. Have monthly pregnancy test 3. Cannot donate blood while using this drug or for 1month after discontinuing use
•Treatment generally lasts 20
weeks
What are the adverse effects of isotretinoin?
- Suicidal Ideation
- Aggression
- Mood changes
- Increased cholesteroland/or triglycerides
Which congenital heart defect is IV ibuprofen and Indomethacin indicated?
PDA
What class of medications are ibuprofen and indomethacin?
Prostaglandin inhibitors
What other intervention can be used to close a PDA?
coil embolization
Which congenital heart condition is morphine sulfate and IV propranolol indicated?
tetralogy of fallot
How does morphine sulfate and IV propranolol*(only in severe cases) help treat tertralogy of fallot
relaxes pulmonary artery, decreases respiratory demands
Which congenital heart defect is alprostadil indicated?
Transposition of the great vessels
How does alprostadil help treat transposition of the great vessels?
direct vasodilator of ductal arteriosus (keeps open)
Which 2 medications are used to treat rheumatic fever?
- penicillin
* corticosteroids
Which antihypertensive medications work well for kids with HTN?
Ace/ARBS
Which 2 medications are used to treat Kawasaki disease?
- IVIG
* Aspirin
