MCN lecture: Pre-pregnancy Flashcards
Process wherein the sperm meets the egg
Fertilization
a. How many egg cells are in a female’s ovaries at birth?
b. How many egg cells remain during the start of menstruation/age of reproduction?
c. How many egg cells reach maturation?
a. 1,000,000
b. 500,000
c. 400-500
What two hormones do the anterior pituitary gland release?
FSH & LH
What structure produces hormones during the early stages of pregnancy?
Corpus luteum
What structure takes over hormone production at 10-12 weeks of gestation?
Placenta
Where in the testes is sperm produced?
Seminiferous tubules
This part of the sperm helps in the penetration of the egg
Acrosome
Sperm cells are viable for how many hours?
48-72 hours
a. Two hormones responsible for sperm production
b. When are these two hormones produced?
a. LH, testosterone
b. At puberty
What does semen consist of?
Sperm + all secretions from accessory glands
Normal pH of semen (range)
pH of 7.2 - 8 (alkaline)
Give 4 contents of semen aside from sperm.
Fructose
Prostaglandin
Clotting factors
Mucin (a protein)
Normal amount per ejaculate
3-5 mL
Normal sperm count
100 million/mL (50-150 million per mL)
Ideal site for fertilization
Ampullary region of fallopian tube
a. When is the sex of the baby determined?
b. How is the sex determined?
a. During fertilization process
b. Sex chromosome carried by sperm
Narrowest segment of fallopian tube; best area for bilateral tubal ligation
Isthmus
Segment of fallopian tube that is the most common site for ectopic pregnancy
Ampullary region
These structures are important in catching the egg during ovulation (found in the infundibulum)
Fimbriae
What is Mittelschmerz?
Pain felt during ovulation
How many days does implantation happen?
7-10 days
Where is the ideal site for implantation?
Posterior wall of the fundus of uterus
What is placenta previa?
Placenta is implanted low in the uterus and covers all or part of the cervix
What is placenta accreta?
Deep-seated placenta
Single-celled structure formed after fertilization
Zygote
Enumerate the stages of the zygote from its 8-cell stage to its 32-cell stage.
Zygote, blastomere, morula, blastocyst
a. Which part of the blastocyst will become part of the placenta?
b. Which part of the blastocyst will become the embryo?
a. Trophoblast
b. Inner cell mass
a. Weight of uterus pre-pregnancy
b. Weight of uterus during pregnancy
c. Volume of uterus during pregnancy
a. 60 g
b. 1000 g
c. 1000 mL
a. Softening of the lower uterine segment
b. Other name for the lower uterine segment
a. Hegar’s sign
b. Isthmus
