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psychology > Mckinleys notes > Flashcards

Mckinleys notes Flashcards

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1
Q

what disciplines did phsychology emerge from?

A

philosophy and physiology

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2
Q

who developed the concept of the unconsciousness

A

sigmund freud

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3
Q

what was skinners view of behaviorism?

A

organism repeatts behaviors the lead to reward and avoid those that lead to punishment

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4
Q

what do humanist believe?

A

humans behavior consist of several unique qualities that cant be uncovered through the study of animals

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5
Q

what does electrical stimulation do?

A

evokes emotional responses

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6
Q

what does behaviorism do?

A

focuses on explaining observable behaviors not mental process

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7
Q

structuralism reduces ___ into its basic elements

A

consiousness

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8
Q

what psychology focuses on perceptual processes and problem solving abilities

A

gestalt

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9
Q

____ in an experiment, A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable

A

independent variable

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10
Q

___ is the variable that is thought to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable

A

dependent

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11
Q

__ is a condion that exist whenever two variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their independent affects

A

cofounding variables

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12
Q

what is the double blind procedure?

A

reserch that strategy that exist in which neither participants nor experimenter know which subject are in the experimental or control groups

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13
Q

______ in research is when any method used to prevent a subject from knowing what treatment, such as a drug, he/she has received

A

single blind research

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14
Q

what is naturalistic observation?

A

researcher engages in careful, usually prolonged, observation of behavior without interfearing directly with the subjects

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15
Q

___ is the extent to which two variables are related to each other

A

correlation

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16
Q

what is the correlation coefficent

A

numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables

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17
Q

what happens when a neuron becomes active?

A

generates action potential–very brief shift in the neurons electric charge that travels along the axon

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18
Q

what is the resting potential?

A

voltage of an inactive neuron

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19
Q

what charge do the sodium ions have entering the neuron? and what does this cause?

A

+, and it causes an increase in voltage associated with the action potential

20
Q

where does the transmission of neutral pulse from one neuron to another take place?

A

synapse

21
Q

what does an excititory neurtransmitter do>/

A

makes activation more likely in the postsynaptic neuron

22
Q

as part of the reuptake process neurotransmitters are absorbed by the ___.

A

presynaptic membrane

23
Q

what is involved in involunatry movement?

A

dopamine

24
Q

what is involved in pain supression

A

endorphins

25
Q

___ is the main excititory neurotransmitter

A

glutamate

26
Q

___ excited skeletal muscles

A

acetylcholine

27
Q

____ is comprised of nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles and glands

A

autonomic nervous system

28
Q

___ is comprised of nerves that connect to the skeletal muscles and sensory receptors

A

somatic nervous system

29
Q

what are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic, parasympathetic

30
Q

what does the sympathetic do?

A

controls what is called fight or flight in life threatening situations

31
Q

what does parasympatheitc do?

A

controls rest and digest response which happens when you are safe and digesting a meal

32
Q

what is the cerebrum?

A

contains motor sensory and thinking areas

33
Q

what does the corpus callosum do?

A

passes signals between the hemispheres

34
Q

thalamus?

A

relays sensory input to cortex

35
Q

what does the amygdala do?

A

involved in emotional and aggression

36
Q

what about hippocampus?

A

learning and memory

37
Q

what does the hypothalamus do?

A

regulates needs like thirst and hunger

38
Q

what is the master gland that regulates other glands

A

pituitary gland

39
Q

what is involved in sleep and arousal

A

pons

40
Q

what does the cerebellum do

A

coordinates movement and controls balance

41
Q

what does the medulla do?

A

regulates critical involunatry functions

42
Q

what is the hindbrain?

A

includes the cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem: medulla, pons

43
Q

what does the midbrain do?

A

contains an area that concerened with intergating sensory processes such as vision and hearing. ** important system of dopamine-releasing neurons that projects into various higher brain centers originates in the midbrain

44
Q

what does the forebrain do?

A

largest &most complex includes the: thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system. all three are located near the top of the brain stem. above them is the cerebrum the center of complex thought.

45
Q

what is the wrinkled part of the cerebrum

A

cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain

psychology (10 decks)

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