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psychology > chapter 6 > Flashcards

chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

process where experience changes your behvior

A

learning

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2
Q

how does learning change your behavior?

A

changes teh structure of the nervous system,

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3
Q

what is habitation?

A

simpelest form, learning not to respond to a novel stimulus -turning focus on things

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4
Q

who came up with classical conditioning?

A

pavlov?

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5
Q

what is classical conditioning?

A

stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was evoked by another response

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6
Q

initial learning between stimuli and the response

A

acquisition

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7
Q

what factors determine acquisition?

A
  1. timing of the conditional stimulus and unconditioned stimulus, conditioned stimulus occurs before the unconditioned stimulus, idealy 1 1/2 second
  2. intensity of the UCS, the stronger the UCR the stronger the learning
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8
Q

after conditions, if the CS occurs repeat without the UCS, the CS will decline and stop responding

A

extension

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9
Q

refers to the change in the liking of a stimulus that results from pairing that stimulus with other positive or negative stimuli

A

evaluative conditioining

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10
Q

what is spontaneous recovery?

A

recovery from treatment (always happens)

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11
Q

one specific phobia that turns into a generalized thin, once conditioned to a stimulus other stimulus will excite other CR

A

stimulus generalization

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12
Q

discrimination between 2 stimuli always following one CS with a UCS and never following the other stimuli with a UCS

A

stimulus discrimination

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13
Q

response is exstinguished in a differnet enviroment than where it was aquired, the extinguished response will reappear if the animal is returned to the original envirometn where aquistion took place

A

renewal effect

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14
Q

the ___ similar the new stimuli are to the original CS, the greater the likelyhood of ___

A

less, discrimination

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15
Q

form of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences

A

operant conditioning

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16
Q

classical conditioning regulates ____, _____, whereas operant conditioning goverened _____ responses

A

reflexive, involuntary, voluntary

17
Q

what is the law of effect

A

any behavior that produces satisfaction becomers stronger and will likely occur again

18
Q

consequences that result in a increase of behavior and reward

A

reinforcer

19
Q

consequence resulting in a decrease of behavior

A

punisher

20
Q

stimulus is presented

A

positive

21
Q

stimulus is removed

A

negative

22
Q

punishment doesnt teach you what to do but ____

A

what not to do

23
Q

what is response cost?

A

every response has a cost time, effort, money, etc

24
Q

what is operative extension?

A

decrease of a previously reinforced behavior becasue its no longer reinforced by a reinforcer

25
Q

what happens any time you withdraw reinforcement?

A

goes up then down

26
Q

what is a primary reinforcer?

A

reinforced due to biological needs

27
Q

what is a secondary reinforc er?

A

aquire reinforcement qualities by being associated with primary reinforcers (money, grades, praise)

28
Q

what is shaping?

A

used to establish a behavior that has not been performed by animal/human, reinforcement successive approximation to the desirer bahavior in a step-wise fashion

29
Q

cues that influence operant behavior by indicating the porobable consequences—asking parent when in a good mood for money

A

discrimitive stimuli

30
Q

reiforcer is given after a fixed number of nonreinforced responses (ex. reinforced every 10th time)

A

fixed ratio

31
Q

reinforcer is given after a variable number of nonreinfored responses (ex. the exact # of responses required varies )

A

variable ratio

32
Q

reinforcer is given for the first response that occurs after a fixed time interval (ex. reinforced after 2 minutes then must wait another 2 minutes)

A

fixed interval

33
Q

reinforcement is given for the first response after a variable time interval has elapsed (ex. reinforce after 1 min. then 2min. and so on)

A

variable schedule

34
Q

a negative reinforcement ____ a response, where a punishement ____ a response

A

strengthen , weakens

35
Q

learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs

A

latent learning

36
Q

pay attention and learn the consequnces

A

attention

37
Q

store a mental representation of what you witness in memory

A

retention

38
Q

enacting a model response by contending memories into actions

A

reproduction

39
Q

believing your response will pay off

A

motivation

psychology (10 decks)

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