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chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is psychology?

A

scientific study of BEHAVIOR and the underlying cognitive and psycological studies

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2
Q

what does psychology come from and what is their meaning?

A

psyche (soul), logos (word)

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3
Q

who is known as the father of psychology?

A

wilhelm wnhdt, from leipizig, germany

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4
Q

who brought psychology to america and what univeristy was it brought too>?

A

G. stanley Hall, John Hopkins

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5
Q

what are the two major schools of thought?

A

structuralism, functionilism

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6
Q

when did psychology get to UNA?

A

1886

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7
Q

who believes the task of psychology is to analyze conciousness into its basic elements and figure out how it is related; peices of the mind &how people think

A

structuralism

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8
Q

study of __ behavior, and conciousness

A

functionalism

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9
Q

survival/reproductive advantages make it

A

natural selection

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10
Q

where did structuralist gravitate more toward?

A

the labs and experiments

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11
Q

where did functionalist gravitate toward?

A

how people adapt to demands of the world around them

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12
Q

what is introspect?

A

self observation of behavior

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13
Q

what is unconciousness?

A

contains thoughts, memories, and desires well above the concious that influence behavior

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14
Q

what are the three parts of the conciousness?

A
  1. id- part that makes us want to do stuff
  2. ego-how we flesh out our being
  3. superego-concious, morality principle
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15
Q

what ares do we not have any middle ground?

A

anger, sex

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16
Q

what is bahaviorism?

A

all behaviors result from interaction with our enviroment

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17
Q

what is humanism?

A

rejection of psychoanalysis & behaviorism

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18
Q

who believed people are good and only bad when circumstances stun our growth

A

carol rogers & abraham maslow

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19
Q

what are the three components of science?

A
  1. must be systematic and empiricism (systematic-plan, empiricism-observation)
  2. publicly veriable knowledge, published research
  3. solvable problems
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20
Q

what kind of research is scientific?

A
  1. naturalist observation(Cant determine cause & effect)
  2. correlation studies (formal measurement of at least two variables )
  3. experiments (manipulate one variable to see what effect it has on another)
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21
Q

what is larrys 2nd law???

A

correlation doesnt imply causation!!!

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22
Q

experiment that meets all the requirements of an experiment except random assignment

A

quisi experiment

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23
Q

what is a confound?

A

extranious variable- things that mess up the experiment other than the independent variable

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24
Q

what is subject expectation?

A

bias where the subject works harder to try to achieve success

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25
Q

giving the tester the results the want

A

demand expectations

26
Q

what is single subject research?

A

do a experiment test a drug then try again

27
Q

what are three reasons to do single subject research?

A
  1. inaivalibilty of large # of subjects
  2. less harm to a bunch of people
  3. lower research cost
28
Q

non-experiment, researchers write a unusual event and publish it and tell them how they treated it

A

case study

29
Q

what are the two types of statistics?

A
  1. descriptive

2. inferential stats

30
Q

what is descriptive stats?

A

describe data sets, math procedures to describe the data collected

31
Q

what is inferential stats?

A

math procedure for purpose of using sample data about a conclusion or a larger population

32
Q

what are the measures of variation?

A

range(highest-lowest)

standard deviation

33
Q

what are the three descriptive statistics?

A

!. central tendancy

  1. variation
  2. measures of relationship
34
Q

what is stistical signifgance?

A

likelyhood we found is not due to chance/limit chance factors

35
Q

how much does the brain weigh?

A

3 pounds

36
Q

what does the cerebrospinal fluid surround and what is its function?

A

(brain)
provides cushion
reservoir of nutrients
provides waste removal

37
Q

what is the meninges?

A

very tough layer of that surrounding the brain

38
Q

what is larrys 3rd law??

A

everything psychological is simulatiously biological, every word thought everything takes place in brain

39
Q

what is the function of dendrites?

A

take info from the cell and pass it to the soma

40
Q

what is the somas function?

A

giant calculator, sums up info and decides what to do with it

41
Q

what is the function of the axon?

A

takes info away from neuron and to another cell

42
Q

what is the function of the terminal button

A

releases nero transmitters

43
Q

what is DSAT?

A

how neurons transfer

44
Q

what speeds up the neural transmitters

A

node of ranvier

45
Q

what are the three parts of synapse?

A
  1. presynaptic membrane( boundary of terminal button)
  2. postsynaptic membrane (dendrite boundary)
  3. synaptic clept (actual boundary)
46
Q

neurons have a more ___ charge on the inside which results in the resting potential of ___ mvts?

A

negative, 70

47
Q

explain the process of reuptake.

A

when a neuron is inside the receptor is goes back to the synaptic cleft and the terminal button it reabsorbes the transmitter

48
Q

what are the two major parts of the nervous system?

A
  1. central nervous

2. peripheral nervous system

49
Q

explain the left side of the brain?

A

speech, DETAILED

50
Q

explain the right side

A

emotion, sees whole picture

51
Q

what tissue seperates the brain into right and left cerebral hemispheres

A

longitudinal tissue

52
Q

what does the frontal lobe control?

A

executive decisions, planning movement

53
Q

what does the parietal lobe control?

A

somatic decision (body sensation)

54
Q

what does the temporal lobe control?

A

hearing, left side

55
Q

post=

A

feel, pre= move

56
Q

what happens when more than one chromosome mutations happens?

A

chromosomal aberration

57
Q

what is concordance

A

oen twin has a trait while the other does too

58
Q

when twins and traits differ?

A

disconcordance

59
Q

momozygotic=

A

identical

60
Q

dizygotic =

A

nonidentical

61
Q

determs your personality of feeling of ones skull (frans Gall)

A

phenology

psychology (10 decks)

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