McGraw Hill BS2050 Revision Quiz Flashcards
Match the pancreatic secretion with the correct function:
trypsin
pancreatic amylase
pancreatic lipase
ribonuclease
deoxyribonuclease
bicarbonate
digests proteins
digests carbohydrates
digests lipids
digests RNA
digests DNA
neutralises acid
The enteric plexus is composed of:
the myenteric and submucosal plexus
What will occur if the ductus arteriosus remains open (patent) rather than closing off soon after birth?
won’t form ligamentum arteriosum
blood flows from aorta to pulmonary arteries, increasing pressure in the pulmonary circuit
mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
cause pulmonary hypertension and heart failure
If levels of prolactin hormone are adequate for the stimulation of milk production, what prevents milk production from taking place during pregnancy?
elevated levels of oestrogen and progesterone
The pancreatic Islets of Langerhans are exocrine or endocrine in function?
endocrine
2 effects of hypothyroidism and a possible cause
decreased metabolic rate, weight gain
iodine deficiency
2 effects of hyperthyroidism and a possible cause
increased metabolic rate, weight loss
Grave’s disease
what is the effect of pancreatic insulin
increased uptake of glucose and amino acids
what is the effect of pancreatic glucagon
increased breakdown of glycogen, increased blood-glucose levels
what is the effect of pancreatic somatostatin
inhibition of insulin and glucagon secretion
A lactation product that is high in protein but low in fat is:
colostrum
A lactation product that contains maternal antibodies is:
both milk and colostrum
Suckling stimulates mechanosensory receptors that activate a reflex response to release what hormone from where
oxytocin from the posterior pituitary
Lactation is suppressed before birth due to suppression of milk synthesis by
placental hormones
When body metabolism is low, the hypothalamus secretes:
TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)
After travelling down the hypophyseal portal vein, TRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release:
TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)
TSH reaches the thyroid gland where it stimulates the secretion of:
T3 and T4
T3 and T4 not only increase metabolic rate of the body but inhibits:
TRH release from the hypothalamus as a part of a negative feedback loop
This disease may result from insufficient surfactant production by the alveoli
infant respiratory distress syndrome
This disease occurs when foetal RBCs are destroyed, releasing bilirubin faster than the liver can eliminate it
Physiological jaundice
Which disease is characterised by increased BP, edema and proteinuria during late pregnancy, and what may this disease develop into which may lead to convulsions and coma?
Preeclampsia, may lead to Eclampsia
What term is used to refer to the implantation of a blastocyst in a location other than the uterus? (most commonly implanted in the uterine tube)
Ectopic pregnancy
The dorsal roots contain which kind of axon?
Sensory axons
The ventral roots contain which kind of axon?
Motor axons
What is the simplest reflex where muscles contract in response to excessive stretch?
Stretch reflex
What is the reflex that prevents contracting muscles from applying tension to tendons?
Golgi tendon reflex
What kind of reflex removes a body part from a painful stimulus?
Withdrawal reflex
What kind of reflex responds to a withdrawal reflex, causing extension of the opposite limb?
Cross extensor reflex
The resistance of a vessel is inversely proportional to:
the fourth power of the diameter of the vessel
Once foetal lungs become functional, there is no need for blood to flow from the right side of the heart to the left side of the heart. In other words there is no need for the :
Foramen ovale
Which enzyme will be elevated in a new mother as her body prepares for breastfeeding?
Prolactin
