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MCAT QUICKSHEET > MCAT BIOCHEMISTRY > Flashcards

MCAT BIOCHEMISTRY Flashcards

1
Q

phosphodiester bond

A

link sugar molecules in a polynucleotide

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2
Q

peptide bond

A

btwn amino acids

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3
Q

disulfide bond

A

covalent bond; thiol S-S

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4
Q

pyrimidine

A

1 ring

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5
Q

posttranslational modification of proteins (histone acetylation)

A

western blot

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6
Q

oligiodendrocytes

A

cns support

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7
Q

amino acids that can be phosphorylated

A

tyrosine (Y), serine (S), and threonine (T)

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8
Q

choosing an antigen for vaccine

A

immunogenicity and toxicity are LEAST suitable

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9
Q

aminoacyl transferase

A

transfer tRNA orig bound at A to P then to E

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10
Q

noncompetive plot

A

x-axis lines intercept

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11
Q

competitive plot

A

y-axis lines intercept

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12
Q

RT-PCR

A

transcriptional reg (mRNA)

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13
Q

quantitative PCR

A

measures levels of DNA

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14
Q

native PAGE

A

separate molecules based on: electrophoretic mobility, relying on length, conformation, and charge

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15
Q

gel filtration

A

size. large elute first

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16
Q

ion exchange

A

charge

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17
Q

isoelectric focusing

A

isoelectric point (pH)

18
Q

water, as a liquid solvent, does not appear

A

in equilibrium constant expression

19
Q

Na+/K+-ATPase pumps

A

Na+ and K+ against their conc; 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in

20
Q

competitive inhib on km and vmax

A

incr km no change on vmax

21
Q

noncomp inhib on km and vmax

A

no change on km and decr vmax

22
Q

uncompet inhib on km and vmax

A

decr km and vmax

23
Q

mixed inhib on km and vmax

A

incr/decr km and decr vmax

24
Q

peptide bonds formed and broken by

A

formed via condensation (dehydration) and broken via hydrolysis

25
Q

ex of enantiomers

A

D and L glucose

26
Q

epimers

A

differ at 1 chiral carbon

27
Q

anomers

A

differ at the anomeric carbon

28
Q

centromeres

A

hold sister chromatids together until separated in anaphase in mitosis. High GC content

29
Q

nonsense

A

truncation

30
Q

missense

A

codon that codes for diff aa

31
Q

transcription steps

A

helicase/topo, RNA polymerase II binds TATA w/in promoter region

32
Q

foramen ovale

A

connects right and left atria

33
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

connects pulm artery to aorta

34
Q

ductus venousus

A

connects umbilical vein to inf vena cava

35
Q

law of independent assortment

36
Q

operon:

A
  • structural genes = DNA that codes for protein
  • operator gene = repressor binding site
  • promoter gene = RNA pol 1st binding site
37
Q

transformation

A

from environ into genetic material (antibiotic resist)

38
Q

conjugation

A

sex pili (male)

39
Q

transduction

A

bacteriophage acquires genetic info from host

40
Q

z/e stereochem

A

double bonds

41
Q

keq = 1

A

deltaG is 0; no ATP produced/rqd

42
Q

keq > 1

A

spontaneous

MCAT QUICKSHEET (4 decks)

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