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MCAT BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Flashcards

1
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

hindbrain

A

cerebellum
medulla ob
retic formation

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2
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

midbrain

A

inf and sup colliculi

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3
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

forebrain

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, basal gang, limbic sys, and cerebral cortex

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4
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

thalamus

A

sensory infor (hunger, thirst)

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5
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

hypothalamus

A

drives behavior (fight, feed, flee, fuck)

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6
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

basal ganglia

A

smooths movements and posture

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7
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

limbic system

A

emotion and memory

  • septal nuclei = pleasure seeking
  • amygdala = fear/anger
  • hypocampus = memory
  • fornix = communication w/in
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8
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

cerebral cortex

A

4 lobes

  • frontal = executive fcn, long term planning, impulse, motor, speech
  • parietal = touch, press, temp and pain (sensory)
  • occipital = visual/color
  • temporal = sound, speech
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9
Q

acetylcholine

A

voluntary control (somatic), parasymp

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10
Q

dopamine

A

smooth muscle, posture, euphoria

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11
Q

GABA

A

brain stabalization

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12
Q

sensation/sensory receptors

A

physical stimuli conversion and trigger electrical signals

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13
Q

Weber’s Law

A

just noticeable difference (proportional)

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14
Q

cochlea

A

detects sound

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15
Q

utricle and saccule

A

linear accel

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16
Q

semicircular canals

A

rotational accel

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17
Q

bottom up

A

(data)

parallel processing, slow

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18
Q

top-down

A

recognition, no detail

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19
Q

LEARNING AND MEMORY:

classical conditioning

A

unconditioned stimulus (food) and conditioned stimulus (bell)

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20
Q

LEARNING AND MEMORY:

operant conditioning

A

reinforcement and punish

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21
Q

add something to make it continue

A

pos reinforce

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22
Q

remove something and it continues

A

neg reinforce (anti-acid an escape from sumn)

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23
Q

add something to make it stop

A

pos punish (jail)

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24
Q

remove something and it stops

A

neg punish

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25
COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE: | consciousness
``` stage -awake = beta and alpha -1 = theta, light sleep -2 = theta, sleep spindles/ k complex -3/4 =delta, deep sleep, slow waves REM = beta ```
26
COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE: | depressents
alcohol, barbs, benzos (relax)
27
COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE: | stimulants
ampheta, coke, Ex (incr arousal)
28
COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE: | opiates/opioids
heroin, morph, opium (descr rxn)
29
MEMORY: | explicit
conscious
30
MEMORY: | implicit
unconscious (riding a bike)
31
MEMORY: | declaritive
from explicit; facts and event
32
MEMORY: | procedural
from implicit; skills and tasks
33
MEMORY: | episodic
events and experieinces
34
MEMORY: | semantic
facts and concepts; general world knowledge
35
COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE: | broca
speech
36
wernicke
nonsense talk
37
EMOTION: | james-lange
physio before emotion
38
EMOTION: | cannon-bard
physio arousal influence affective states
39
EMOTION: | sch-sing
cog appraisal influence affective states
40
eustress
good stress
41
IDENTITY and PERSONALITY: | locus of control
internal (dispositional) | external (situational)
42
freud:
libido and fixation
43
ego
conscious
44
superego and id
un/preconscious
45
erikson
psychosocial development (8) - infant = trust vs mistrust - adolescent (21) = identity vs role confusion - young adult (30) = love - middle (40) = generativity vs stagnation - elderly = wisdom
46
psychoanalytic
urges and desires (freud and jung)
47
humanistic perspec
free will (maslow and rogers)
48
ascribed
no control (race)
49
front stage
public consumption
50
back stage
real self
51
material culture
physical items
52
demographic transition
incr birth/death rates drop due to improved healthcare and health ed
53
functionalist
supports solidarity within society
54
self-serving bias
own neg behav to situation/external variables while pos behav is internal
55
variable ratio
high response rate w no predictable pauses
56
social facilitation
manageable task in front of audience
57
piaget concrete
symbolic, egocentrism, 8 yr
58
phobic response
acquired through classical condition
59
diathesis stress model
biological predispositions and the environment
60
CAT scan
structure of the brain
61
binocular depth cue
both retinas
62
health disparity
social and economic factors
63
role conflict
2 roles: employee and caregiver
64
ethnocentrism
its different to my culture
65
cultural relativism
awareness of diversity
66
looking-glass self
product of social interaction; how others perceive us
67
life course approach
early life effects later life
68
rational choice theory
costs and benefits of action
69
social capital
social networks provide valuable resources
70
dramaturgical theory
actors perform a role (social interactions)
71
role strain
1 role: mom
72
ethnographic research
observe in real social settings
73
fixed ratio
ex: banana chip every correct answer
74
retrograde amnesia
can form long-term mems after brain injury
75
cultural capital
knowledge, skills, education
76
social identity
based on group membership
77
relative poverty
social disadvantage by income or wealth
78
assimilation
lower levels of support and worse overall health
79
stereotype threat
anxiety about confirming neg stereotype
80
selection bias
proper randomization is not acheived
81
hallucinogens
lowest risk of dependence
82
conflict theorist
class-bases society ie social stratification
83
agonist
enhances
84
piaget formal operational
12 yr and up abstract reasoning skills
85
oral stage
12-18 mo
86
confirmation bias
groupthink; seek only info that confirms
87
analytical intelligen
evaluate ideas
88
creative itelligence
new ideas
89
emotional itelligence
delay gratification
90
traditional behaviorist
actual outcomes of a behav determine if behav is repeated
91
incongruence refers to
gap btwn actual and ideal self
92
focuses incoming light rays
cornea and iris
93
contains photorecep rods and cones that detect light and transduce light to energy
retina
94
control amt of light focused on photorep
lens
95
glass escalator
men ascend w promotions in women dom field
96
social capital
investment ppl make in society in return for economic or collective rewards
97
cattell's big 5
OCEAN
98
shaping
reinforce successive behav; establish a novel behav
99
retinal height, occlusion, texture gradient
monocular depth cue

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