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MCAT QUICKSHEET > MCAT BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES > Flashcards

MCAT BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Flashcards

1
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

hindbrain

A

cerebellum
medulla ob
retic formation

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2
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

midbrain

A

inf and sup colliculi

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3
Q

ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:

forebrain

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, basal gang, limbic sys, and cerebral cortex

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4
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

thalamus

A

sensory infor (hunger, thirst)

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5
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

hypothalamus

A

drives behavior (fight, feed, flee, fuck)

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6
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

basal ganglia

A

smooths movements and posture

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7
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

limbic system

A

emotion and memory

  • septal nuclei = pleasure seeking
  • amygdala = fear/anger
  • hypocampus = memory
  • fornix = communication w/in
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8
Q

PARTS of the FOREBRAIN:

cerebral cortex

A

4 lobes

  • frontal = executive fcn, long term planning, impulse, motor, speech
  • parietal = touch, press, temp and pain (sensory)
  • occipital = visual/color
  • temporal = sound, speech
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9
Q

acetylcholine

A

voluntary control (somatic), parasymp

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10
Q

dopamine

A

smooth muscle, posture, euphoria

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11
Q

GABA

A

brain stabalization

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12
Q

sensation/sensory receptors

A

physical stimuli conversion and trigger electrical signals

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13
Q

Weber’s Law

A

just noticeable difference (proportional)

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14
Q

cochlea

A

detects sound

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15
Q

utricle and saccule

A

linear accel

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16
Q

semicircular canals

A

rotational accel

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17
Q

bottom up

A

(data)

parallel processing, slow

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18
Q

top-down

A

recognition, no detail

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19
Q

LEARNING AND MEMORY:

classical conditioning

A

unconditioned stimulus (food) and conditioned stimulus (bell)

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20
Q

LEARNING AND MEMORY:

operant conditioning

A

reinforcement and punish

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21
Q

add something to make it continue

A

pos reinforce

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22
Q

remove something and it continues

A

neg reinforce (anti-acid an escape from sumn)

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23
Q

add something to make it stop

A

pos punish (jail)

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24
Q

remove something and it stops

A

neg punish

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25
Q

COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE:

consciousness

A 
stage
-awake = beta and alpha 
-1 = theta, light sleep
-2 = theta, sleep spindles/ k complex
-3/4 =delta, deep sleep, slow waves
REM = beta
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26
Q

COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE:

depressents

A

alcohol, barbs, benzos (relax)

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27
Q

COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE:

stimulants

A

ampheta, coke, Ex (incr arousal)

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28
Q

COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE:

opiates/opioids

A

heroin, morph, opium (descr rxn)

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29
Q

MEMORY:

explicit

A

conscious

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30
Q

MEMORY:

implicit

A

unconscious (riding a bike)

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31
Q

MEMORY:

declaritive

A

from explicit; facts and event

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32
Q

MEMORY:

procedural

A

from implicit; skills and tasks

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33
Q

MEMORY:

episodic

A

events and experieinces

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34
Q

MEMORY:

semantic

A

facts and concepts; general world knowledge

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35
Q

COGNITION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND LANGUAGE:

broca

A

speech

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36
Q

wernicke

A

nonsense talk

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37
Q

EMOTION:

james-lange

A

physio before emotion

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38
Q

EMOTION:

cannon-bard

A

physio arousal influence affective states

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39
Q

EMOTION:

sch-sing

A

cog appraisal influence affective states

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40
Q

eustress

A

good stress

41
Q

IDENTITY and PERSONALITY:

locus of control

A

internal (dispositional)

external (situational)

42
Q

freud:

A

libido and fixation

43
Q

ego

44
Q

superego and id

A

un/preconscious

45
Q

erikson

A

psychosocial development (8)

  • infant = trust vs mistrust
  • adolescent (21) = identity vs role confusion
  • young adult (30) = love
  • middle (40) = generativity vs stagnation
  • elderly = wisdom
46
Q

psychoanalytic

A

urges and desires (freud and jung)

47
Q

humanistic perspec

A

free will (maslow and rogers)

48
Q

ascribed

A

no control (race)

49
Q

front stage

A

public consumption

50
Q

back stage

51
Q

material culture

A

physical items

52
Q

demographic transition

A

incr birth/death rates drop due to improved healthcare and health ed

53
Q

functionalist

A

supports solidarity within society

54
Q

self-serving bias

A

own neg behav to situation/external variables while pos behav is internal

55
Q

variable ratio

A

high response rate w no predictable pauses

56
Q

social facilitation

A

manageable task in front of audience

57
Q

piaget concrete

A

symbolic, egocentrism, 8 yr

58
Q

phobic response

A

acquired through classical condition

59
Q

diathesis stress model

A

biological predispositions and the environment

60
Q

CAT scan

A

structure of the brain

61
Q

binocular depth cue

A

both retinas

62
Q

health disparity

A

social and economic factors

63
Q

role conflict

A

2 roles: employee and caregiver

64
Q

ethnocentrism

A

its different to my culture

65
Q

cultural relativism

A

awareness of diversity

66
Q

looking-glass self

A

product of social interaction; how others perceive us

67
Q

life course approach

A

early life effects later life

68
Q

rational choice theory

A

costs and benefits of action

69
Q

social capital

A

social networks provide valuable resources

70
Q

dramaturgical theory

A

actors perform a role (social interactions)

71
Q

role strain

A

1 role: mom

72
Q

ethnographic research

A

observe in real social settings

73
Q

fixed ratio

A

ex: banana chip every correct answer

74
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

can form long-term mems after brain injury

75
Q

cultural capital

A

knowledge, skills, education

76
Q

social identity

A

based on group membership

77
Q

relative poverty

A

social disadvantage by income or wealth

78
Q

assimilation

A

lower levels of support and worse overall health

79
Q

stereotype threat

A

anxiety about confirming neg stereotype

80
Q

selection bias

A

proper randomization is not acheived

81
Q

hallucinogens

A

lowest risk of dependence

82
Q

conflict theorist

A

class-bases society ie social stratification

83
Q

agonist

84
Q

piaget formal operational

A

12 yr and up abstract reasoning skills

85
Q

oral stage

86
Q

confirmation bias

A

groupthink; seek only info that confirms

87
Q

analytical intelligen

A

evaluate ideas

88
Q

creative itelligence

89
Q

emotional itelligence

A

delay gratification

90
Q

traditional behaviorist

A

actual outcomes of a behav determine if behav is repeated

91
Q

incongruence refers to

A

gap btwn actual and ideal self

92
Q

focuses incoming light rays

A

cornea and iris

93
Q

contains photorecep rods and cones that detect light and transduce light to energy

94
Q

control amt of light focused on photorep

95
Q

glass escalator

A

men ascend w promotions in women dom field

96
Q

social capital

A

investment ppl make in society in return for economic or collective rewards

97
Q

cattell’s big 5

98
Q

shaping

A

reinforce successive behav; establish a novel behav

99
Q

retinal height, occlusion, texture gradient

A

monocular depth cue

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