May- Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of cells are cartilage?

A

chondrablasts

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2
Q

what are the types of fibers that make up cartilage?

A

collagen or elastic

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3
Q

what is chondromucoprotein and what is it made of?

A

ground substance. made up of chondrotin sulfate and keratan sulfate.

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4
Q

what types of cartilage are derived from mesenchymal cells?

A

hyaline and elastic

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5
Q

what type of cartilage is developed from dense connective tissue?

A

fibrocartilage

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6
Q

what differentiates to form the perichondrium?

A

mesenchymal cells

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7
Q

what is the outer layer of the perichondrium referred to as?

A

the fibrous layer

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8
Q

what is the inner layer of the perichondrium referred to as?

A

chondrogenic layer

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9
Q

what cells are found in the fibrous layer?

A

collagen type I
fibroblasts
mesenchymal cells

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10
Q

where are chondroblasts typically located in the perichondrium and what is unique about them?

A

the chondrogenic layer (inner layer). they undergo mitosis here and are entrapped in lacunae

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11
Q

what type of growth exemplifies growing in width?

A

appositional growth

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12
Q

young cartilage grows via the mitotic activity of cell nests, what type of growth is this referred to as?

A

interstitial growth

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13
Q

how is interstitial growth accomplished?

A

after the cell nest divides, the cells secrete matrix into their own lacunae and new cartilage is added with in existing cartilage

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14
Q

how does cartilage meet is nutrition needs?

A

via an avascular process. nutrients diffuse through the matrix from blood vessels outside the perichondrium

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15
Q

what leads to calcification (death) of the cartilage?

A

when blood invades the cartilage

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16
Q

what type of cartilage is replaced by bone in the fetus and young adult?

A

hyaline cartilage

17
Q

what is the hyaline matrix made up of?

A

firm gel of fibrous and amorphous material

18
Q

what type of collagen does hyaline cartilage consist of?

A

collagen type II

19
Q

name the examples of uncalcified hyaline cartilage?

A

articular surface of bone, nose, bronchus, trachea, larynx

20
Q

what types of cartilage contain perichondrium?

A

hyaline and elastic cartilage

21
Q

what are some examples of elastic cartilage?

A

pinna (external ear) and epiglottis

22
Q

what type of cartilage lacks a perichondrium?

A

firbrocartilage

23
Q

do fribrocartilage contain more lacunae per unit area?

A

nope (they contain fewer)

24
Q

name some examples of fibrocartilage.

A

tendon insertions, pubic symphysis and intervetebral discs.

25
what type of stain would you need to identify elastic cartilage?
Verhoff's stains for elastic fibers
26
what type of cartilage does fibrocartilage form?
attachment of some tendons and ligaments to bone