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4th year Physics > May'15 > Flashcards

May'15 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the structure of a transformer.

A

Consists of two separate coils of wire wound on the same iron core

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2
Q

What is the equation used when dealing with transformers?

A

Vs/Vp= Ns/Np

which is secondary voltage/primary voltage = Number of secondary turns/ number of primary turns

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3
Q

What are the equations for efficiency?

A

Effieciency= output power or energy/ input power or energy x100%

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4
Q

What can affect the size of an induced voltage when a wire is moved within a magnetic field?

A

Move the wire faster between the poles
Use a stronger magnet
Use more conductor

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5
Q

How are electrons arranged in a conductor?

A

They contain electrons which are free to move throughout the structure

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6
Q

How are electrons arranged in a insulator?

A

The electrons are tightly bound and cannot move.

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7
Q

Describe a series circuit.

A

When components are connected in line, we say they are connected in series.

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8
Q

What is the unit of current?

A

Amperes (A)

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9
Q

How do you measure current?

A

Make a gap in the circuit and connect an ammeter. The reading on the ammeter is the current.

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10
Q

Describe a parallel circuit.

A

When components are connected so that there is more than one path for the current, we say they are connected in parallel.

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11
Q

What is meant by voltage in an electrical circuit?

A

It is the electrical energy supplied by the battery to make the electrons move around the circuit.

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12
Q

How do you measure voltage?

A

Use two extra wires to connect to a voltmeter in parallel with the component.

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13
Q

How is resistance in an electrical circuit measured?

A

An ohmeter is connected directly across the component which must be disconnected from the circuit.

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14
Q

What is the unit for resistance?

A

Ohms

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15
Q

What is the equation for Ohm’s Law?

A

Resistance= voltage/ current which is R= V/ I

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16
Q

What is the equation involving current, charge and time?

A

current= charge/ time which is: I= Q/t

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17
Q

What is alternating current?

A

A.C goes up and down and is produced from the main supply.

18
Q

What is direct current?

A

D.C ——————— and is produced from a battery.

19
Q

What is the unit of energy?

A

Joules, J.

20
Q

What is the unit of power?

A

Watt, W

21
Q

What is the equation involving energy, power and time?

A

energy= power x time which is: E= Pt

22
Q

What are the three parts of an electronic system in order?

A

The input, the process, the output.

23
Q

What type of device are a thermistor, LDR and switch?

A

Input

24
Q

What happens to the resistance of a thermistor when the temperature changes?

A

High temperature= Low resistance

Low temperature= High resistance

25
Q

What happens to the resistance of an LDR when the light levels change?

A

Bright light= Low resistance

Dark light= High resistance

26
Q

What is an appropriate input device for a loudspeaker and heating system?

A

Microphone and Thermistor

27
Q

What is an appropriate input device for an automatic lamp and a lighting circuit?

A

LDR and Switch

28
Q

What is the energy change in an output device?

A

Electrical energy——-> another form of energy.

29
Q

What type of devices are a loudspeaker, buzzer, lamp, LED and electric motor?

A

Output

30
Q

What is an appropriate output device for a warning light, a fan and smoke alarm?

A

LED, Motor and Buzzer

31
Q

What does the NOT gate look like?

A

Continuous line input and output——-

triangle with circle at the end

32
Q

What does the AND gate look like?

A

2 lines at start (input A and B) and one line at the end (output)
half circle

33
Q

What does the OR gate look like?

A

2 lines at start (input A and B) and one line at the end (output)
triple curved shape

34
Q

What does the truth table for a NOT gate look like?

A

Input | Output
0 | 1
1 | 0

35
Q

What does the truth table for an AND gate look like?

A 
Input A and B   |   Output
0      0                            0
1        0                           0
0       1                             0
1          1                          1
36
Q

What does the truth table for an OR gate look like?

A

Input A and B | Output
0 0 0
1 0 1
0 1 1
1 1 1

37
Q

What is meant by specific heat capacity?

A

The amount of energy need to raise 1kg of a solid by 1’C.

Measured in J-1Kg’C-1

38
Q

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

A

Energy= specific heat capacity x mass x change is temperature
which is: Eh= cm (Delta)T

39
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Work done= force x displacement

which is: Ew= Fs

40
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy= 1/2 x mass x velocity^2

which is: Ek= 1/2 mv^2

4th year Physics (14 decks)

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