Matter Week

Question 1

Liquid -> gas

Answer 1

Vaporization

Boiling

Question 2

Gas -> liquid

Answer 2

Condensing

Question 3

Gas -> solid

Answer 3

Deposition

Question 4

Solid -> gas

Answer 4

Sublimation

Question 5

Less energy = ? Stability

Answer 5

Less energy = more stability

“In atomic world”

Question 6

AXE meaning

Answer 6

A = central atom
X = stick on group
E = lone pairs

Question 7

4 Principle Interactions of Intermolecular Forces

Answer 7

• dipole dipole interactions
• hydrogen bonding
• London forces
• ion-dipole interactions

Question 8

Dipole-Dipole Interaction

Answer 8

Attraction b/w opposite partial charges of 2 polar mlcs

H-Cl - - - - H-Cl

Question 9

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 9

Special type of dipole-dipole interaction
(Generally stronger than d-d interactions)
H to O F or N

Question 10

Ion-Dipole Attraction

Answer 10

B/w an ion & polar mlc

Allows ion to dissolve in water

Question 11

Surfactant parts

Answer 11

Mlc head polar
No polar tail

Polar heads get in between H2O mlcs & disrupt hydrogen bonding

Question 12

Force of the collisions of gas mlcs averaged over area of container of liquid mlcs

Answer 12

Vapor Pressure of liquid

Question 13

Dynamic Equilibrium , water level stay the same

Answer 13

Vaporization & condensation rates equal

Question 14

Temp Increase = ? Vapor Pressure

Answer 14

Temp Increase = VP increases

Question 15

Heat of vaporization (/\H vap)

Answer 15

Energy needed to liberate 1 mol of Liquid @ boiling point into gas phase

Question 16

Mol fraction = vol fraction = pressure fraction

Answer 16

🤓

Question 17

Mol fraction of med =

vapor P of med / total P

Answer 17

Dalton’s Law

Question 18

More intermolecular forces = ? Boiling point

Answer 18

> im forces = > boiling point

Question 19

Temp which vapor pressure = ambient pressure (1 atm)

Answer 19

Boiling Point

Temp that = Average molecular KE sufficient to overcome intermolecular forces that hold mlcs in liquid state

Question 20

AX2E1

Ax2E2

Answer 20

Bent

Question 21

AX2E0

Answer 21

Linear

Question 22

AX3E0

Answer 22

Trigonal planar

Question 23

AX3E1

Answer 23

Pyramidal

Question 24

AX4

Answer 24

Tetrahedral

Question 25

Increasing solute concentration = ? Boiling point

Answer 25

> solute concentration = | > Boiling Point

Question 26

Increasing solute concentration = | ? Freezing Point

Answer 26

> solute concentration = | < Freezing Point

Question 27

Increasing solute concentration = | ? Osmotic Pressure

Answer 27

> solute = | > Osmotic P

Question 28

Increasing solute concentration = | ? Vapor Pressure

Answer 28

> solute = | < Vapor P

Question 29

Vapor Pressure of liquid

Answer 29

Caused by most energetic mlcs near surface of liquid escaping to gas phase

Question 30

Exothermic

Answer 30

Feel warm Solvation energy greater than lattice energy

Question 31

Relates Vol to Pressure for gas > V = ?P

Answer 31

Boyle’s Law V1 P1 = V2 P2 > V = < P

Question 32

Relates Vol to Temp >T = ? V

Answer 32

Charles Law V1/T1 = V2/T2 >T = >V

Question 33

Relates Vol to moles of gas > n = ? V

Answer 33

Avogadro’s Law V1/n1 = V2/n2 > n = > V

Question 34

SMV | Standard molar volume

Answer 34

22.7L/mol

Question 35

Relative humidity

Answer 35

Partial Pressure / vapor Pressure

Question 36

Molar enthalpy of fusion ( /\ H )

Answer 36

Heat necessary to convert one mole of a SOLID -> LIQUID @ it’s normal melting point

Question 37

Molar enthalpy of vaporization ( /\ H)

Answer 37

Heat required to convert 1 mole LIQUID to GAS @ normal boiling point