Matter and Particle Theory Flashcards
matter
is defined as anything that has MASS and VOLUME
energy, heat and time are not considered matter
volume
the amount of space an object takes up
mass
the amount of matter (stuff) an object has
weight
the amount of force acting on a substance
is dependent on the force of gravity
particle theory
- all matter is made up of extremely tiny particles
- each pure substance has its own kind of particle, different from the particles of other substances
- particles attract each other
- particles are always moving, they have energy
- particles at higher temperature move faster than particles at a lower temperature
the faster it moves attraction forces decrease
condensation
the act or process pf reducing gas or a vapour into a liquid
vaporization
rapid increase of water into a steam or a vapour
evaporation
conversion of liquid to gas by adding heat
sublimation
transition from a gas to solid or a solid to gas with no intermediate liquid stage
physical properties
describes the general appearance of a substance
chemical properties
describes how a substance may behave when it comes in contact with other substances
qualitative properties
are properties that can be described using the senses
quantitative properties
are properties that can be measures (they include numerical value)
physical changes
- change in which NO NEW SUBSTANCE is produced
- only state or form is changed
- atoms and molecules do not change
- usually reversible
1. all changes of state (i.e., melting, condensation etc.)
2. dissolving
3. cutting, tearing or crushing a substance
chemical changes
- change in which a NEW SUBSTANCE is produced
- atoms and molecules change
- usually irreversible (difficult to return to original state)
1. burning/combustion
2. corrosion
3. cooking
4. rotting
5. reaction with acid
pure substance
only one type of atom or molecule
ELEMENT
COMPOUND