Matter And Its Changes

Question 1

What is matter???

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space/has volume.

Or anything that has inertia and requires a force to start of stop it from moving.

Question 2

What is an observation???

Answer 2

Gathering information using more than one of our senses. For example sight taste touch smell and hearing.

Question 3

What are the two types of observation???

Answer 3

Quantitative: quantity (numerical information) like I am 175 cm tall.

Qualitative: quality (non numerical question) like I am average height.

Question 4

Interpretation

Answer 4

A inference based on a observation

Because Jim is wearing blue, it’s Jim’s favourite colour

Question 5

The phases of matter

Answer 5

Solid,liquid,gas.

Question 6

What can change the states of matter

Answer 6

Temperature and pressure.

Question 7

Properties of a solid???

Answer 7

Generally rigid

Have their own shape( definite shape)

Volume changes only slightly due to temperature and pressure. (Definite volume)

Not compressible.

Question 8

Properties of a liquid???

Answer 8

Takes the shape of its container ( indefinite shape) .

Volume changes slightly due to temperature and pressure changes (definite volume).

Not compressible.

Question 9

Properties of a gas???

Answer 9

Completely fill a container (indefinitely shape).

Volume changes drastically due to temperature and pressure changes. (Indefinite volume).

ARE compressible.

Question 10

Molecular arrangement???

Answer 10

It determines which state of matter that it is in.

Question 11

Solid molecular arrangement???

Answer 11

Highly organized, tightly together.

Question 12

Liquids molecular arrangement???

Answer 12

Less organized particle arrangement, with particles still close together.

Question 13

Gases molecular arrangement???

Answer 13

Particles are far apart, and moving around.

Question 14

Kinetic molecular theory???

Answer 14

All particles are in motion, and they all have energy.

Either kinetic or potential energy.

Question 15

What is energy???

Answer 15

Anything that is not matter and can make a change in matter.

It can change forms, but cannot be created or destroyed. (Law of conservation of energy) the amount of energy is constant!

Question 16

Chemical changes???

Answer 16

A change where a new substance is formed.

Question 17

What are the indicators for a chemical change???

Answer 17

Heat
Light
Colour change
One or more reactants are used 
Bubbles form ( which is gas )
Cloudiness ( solid-precipitate->is formed ).

Question 18

Physical changes???

Answer 18

A change in phase of a substance, but no new substance is produced.

Note a physical change doesn’t change the identity of the original chemicals!

Physical changes can also accompany chemical changes!!!…

Question 19

Intensive vs extensive properties???

Answer 19

Intensive: a physical property which depends on the nature of the substance NOT how much the substance is present.

Extensive: a physical property that depends on the amount of substance present.

Question 20

Changes of state???

Answer 20

The transitions between different phases of matter.

Like liquid nitrogen evaporating from gaseous to nitrogen.

Question 21

Terminology???

Answer 21

VAPOUR: the materials formed by the evaporation of a substance which boils above room temperature.

VAPOUR PRESSURE: the pressure created by the vapour evaporating from a liquid.

Question 22

More terminology:

Answer 22

Boiling point: the temperature in which a liquid and a gas are both at equilibrium ( are both existing ).

Melting point: the temps tire at which the solid and liquid substances are at equilibrium

Freezing point: the temperature at which a solid and liquid substances are at equilibrium (now changing from a liquid to a solid ).

Question 23

Names for the phases of matter???

Answer 23

Melting: solid to liquid
Freezing: liquid to solid
Boiling/evaporating: liquid to gas
Condensation: gas to liquid
Sublimation: solid to gas or gas to solid.