Matter And Its Changes Flashcards
What is matter???
Anything that has mass and occupies space/has volume.
Or anything that has inertia and requires a force to start of stop it from moving.
What is an observation???
Gathering information using more than one of our senses. For example sight taste touch smell and hearing.
What are the two types of observation???
Quantitative: quantity (numerical information) like I am 175 cm tall.
Qualitative: quality (non numerical question) like I am average height.
Interpretation
A inference based on a observation
Because Jim is wearing blue, it’s Jim’s favourite colour
The phases of matter
Solid,liquid,gas.
What can change the states of matter
Temperature and pressure.
Properties of a solid???
Generally rigid
Have their own shape( definite shape)
Volume changes only slightly due to temperature and pressure. (Definite volume)
Not compressible.
Properties of a liquid???
Takes the shape of its container ( indefinite shape) .
Volume changes slightly due to temperature and pressure changes (definite volume).
Not compressible.
Properties of a gas???
Completely fill a container (indefinitely shape).
Volume changes drastically due to temperature and pressure changes. (Indefinite volume).
ARE compressible.
Molecular arrangement???
It determines which state of matter that it is in.
Solid molecular arrangement???
Highly organized, tightly together.
Liquids molecular arrangement???
Less organized particle arrangement, with particles still close together.
Gases molecular arrangement???
Particles are far apart, and moving around.
Kinetic molecular theory???
All particles are in motion, and they all have energy.
Either kinetic or potential energy.
What is energy???
Anything that is not matter and can make a change in matter.
It can change forms, but cannot be created or destroyed. (Law of conservation of energy) the amount of energy is constant!
Chemical changes???
A change where a new substance is formed.
What are the indicators for a chemical change???
Heat Light Colour change One or more reactants are used Bubbles form ( which is gas ) Cloudiness ( solid-precipitate->is formed ).
Physical changes???
A change in phase of a substance, but no new substance is produced.
Note a physical change doesn’t change the identity of the original chemicals!
Physical changes can also accompany chemical changes!!!…
Intensive vs extensive properties???
Intensive: a physical property which depends on the nature of the substance NOT how much the substance is present.
Extensive: a physical property that depends on the amount of substance present.
Changes of state???
The transitions between different phases of matter.
Like liquid nitrogen evaporating from gaseous to nitrogen.
Terminology???
VAPOUR: the materials formed by the evaporation of a substance which boils above room temperature.
VAPOUR PRESSURE: the pressure created by the vapour evaporating from a liquid.
More terminology:
Boiling point: the temperature in which a liquid and a gas are both at equilibrium ( are both existing ).
Melting point: the temps tire at which the solid and liquid substances are at equilibrium
Freezing point: the temperature at which a solid and liquid substances are at equilibrium (now changing from a liquid to a solid ).
Names for the phases of matter???
Melting: solid to liquid Freezing: liquid to solid Boiling/evaporating: liquid to gas Condensation: gas to liquid Sublimation: solid to gas or gas to solid.
