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Chemistry 101 > Matter and Atoms in Chemistry > Flashcards

Matter and Atoms in Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the two word term used to describe an element that exists as a pair?

A

Diatomic molecule

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2
Q
A
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3
Q
A
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4
Q

Which state of matter has particles close together in a fixed position that may be vibrating?

A

Solid

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5
Q

In what reactions can we see the compound glucose being included?

A

photosynthesis and cellular respiration

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6
Q

What is the two word term used to describe vanilla ice cream?

A

homogeneous mixture

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7
Q

In which state of matter can the particles be easily compressed?

A

gas

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8
Q

Which represents a compound?

  • vanilla ice cream
  • oxygen gas
  • carbon dioxide
A

carbon dioxide

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9
Q

The mass number of the atom is the total number of _______ and ______.

A

Protons and neutrons

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10
Q

Isotopes are different types of atoms of the same element, but with a different number of

A

neutrons

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11
Q

Carbon-13 is an isotope of Carbon with a mass number of 13. How many neutrons are in Carbon-13?

A

7

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12
Q

Calculate the % abundance of the plain M&M isotope using the following formula: % abundance= (# of plain type of M&M)/(TOTAL # of all M&M’s) x 100 Enter your answer as a number only to represent that percentage.

A

20/25x100= 80% of plain M&Ms represented.

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13
Q

Calculate the % abundance of the peanut M&M isotope using the following formula: % abundance= (# of peanut type of M&M)/(TOTAL # of all M&M’s) x 100 Enter your answer as a number only to represent that percentage.

A

5/25x100= 20% of Peanut M&Ms and 80% of plain M&Ms from previous question.

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14
Q

Calculate the average “atomic mass” of your M&M’s.
Average Atomic Mass= ((mass of isotope 1/plain M&M)(% abundance from LabQ2.03 in decimal form)+ (mass of isotope 2/Peanut M&M)(% abundance from LabQ2.04 in decimal form)= answer with two sig figs

A

17.11 (.80) + 13.69 (.20)= 16.426% with two sig figs is 16

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15
Q

How do Hydrogen-1, Hydrogen-2, and Hydrogen-3 differ from each other?

A

Their atomic ,asses are different

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16
Q

Sulfur has 4 isotopes: sulfur-32 is 95.0%, sulfur-33 is 0.76%, sulfur-34 is 3.22%, and sulfur-36 is 0.89% abundant. Calculate its average atomic mass. Express your answer with five sig figs.

A

32.066

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17
Q

What is the atomic number for Zinc?

A

30.0

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18
Q

How many neutrons does Carbon 12 have?

A

6

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19
Q

How many neutrons are in Sodium 23?

A

12

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20
Q

What is a pure substance composed of?

A

composed of only one type of atom or molecule

21
Q

Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is far apart and has a definite shape?

A

none

22
Q

How would you classify salt water?

A

mixture - homogeneous

23
Q

Which statement best describes the process of the paint on a vehicle fading over time?

A

Chemical change because the paint molecules are changing composition.

24
Q

Which statement accurately describes the contributions of Dalton?

A

proposed the modern atomic theory

25
Q

What is the resulting particle called when an atom loses an electron?

A

cation

26
Q

A n elements has two isotopes, making up 50% of the population. Isotope 1 has a mass of 80.0 amu, Isotope 2 has a mass of 85.0 amu. Calculate the atomic mass of the element.

A

82.5 amu

27
Q

Using its placement on the periodic table, what is the charge on the barium ion?

A

2+

28
Q

How many electrons are in Br-?

A

35 protons so need 36 electrons to give it a -1 charge.

29
Q

In order, what is the freezing point and boiling point of water according to the Celsius scale?

A

0-100

30
Q

How much heat (kJ) is needed to raise the temperature of 100.0 grams of water from 25 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius?

A

Q=100gx 4.184 J/g/C x 50-25C= 10460 Joules which is 10.5 kJ

31
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Composed of only one type of atom or molecule.

32
Q

What is a chemical property?

A

the tarnishing of a copper statue

33
Q

What is the value of 19 degrees Celsius on the Kelvin scale? Enter a number only.

A

19+273= 292K

34
Q

What is the final temperature of 25.0 grams of water at 22.0 degrees Celsius after it absorbs 454 J of heat? Enter a number only.

A

q= m C delta T q= 454 so set up is like this: 454 J= 25 g(4.184g/J/C) (final Tempor x-22) 454= 104.6 (x-22) 4.34= (x-22)= 26.3

35
Q

Which statement below accurately describes the contributions of Thomson?

A

discovered the existence of electrons

36
Q

Which statement is not consistent with the theory proposed by Rutherford?

A

Electrical charge is a fundamental property of protons and electrons in which like charges repel and opposite charges attract.

37
Q

What is an atom called when it gains an electron? Answer with one word only.

A

anion

38
Q

What is the correct formula for a potassium ion with 18 electrons?

A

K+

39
Q

Group IA elements are also called:

A

alkali metals

40
Q

Group 8A Elements are also called _____ _____.

A

noble gases

41
Q

Mg is a member of what family?

A

alkaline earth metals

42
Q

Isotopes are :

A

atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons

43
Q

Given that the molecular mass of beryllium is 9.01 grams, which of the following isotopes would you expect to have the greatest natural abundance?

A

Be-9

Since the mas is closest to 9, the isotope closest to 9 would be the most abundant.

44
Q

Which type of energy is associated with motion?

A

kinetic

45
Q

What is the value of 335 K on the Celsius temperature scale?

A

335-273= 62.

46
Q

When 49.5 J of heat was transferred to 7.3 g of iron at 22 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the iron increases to 37 degrees Celsius. What is the specific heat of iron in J/g/C?

A

0.45

47
Q

What is the correct chemical symbol of mercury? Enter symbol only.

A

Hg

48
Q

What is the charge on the ion formed by selenium?

A

2-

Chemistry 101 (6 decks)

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