Matter Flashcards

Physics Topic 3

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is an insulator?

A

An insulator is a material that does not easily allow heat/electricity to go through it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a conductor?

A

A conductor is a material that easily allows the flow of heat and electrical currents through it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is evaporation?

A

Evaporation is a process wherein the state of matter changes from liquid to gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the process of evaporation

A

In a liquid, particles are moving at different speeds, and those moving at the fastest pace will break free from a liquid, and turn into a gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens to the overall temperature in evaporation, and why?

A

The overall temperature decreases, because the kinetic energy is leaving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is convection?

A

Convection is heat transfer in fluids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain the process of convection

A

When a heat source, is heating, the particles closest to the heat source will expand and become less dense and rise to the top. These particles are replaced by cooler particles that starts a convection current, where this is repeated again and again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain the properties of particle theory in solids, liquids and gases

A

Solid – strong forces between particles so you can’t move the particles
Liquid – particles close, but weak forces between them. Means particles can move around each other
Gas – no forces between the particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is radioactivity?

A

Radioactivity is when the nucleus is really unstable and has too much energy so it releases radiation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is ionisation?

A

Ionisation is when radiation knocks off electrons, creating an imbalance of energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is penetration?

A

When radiation goes through certain objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 main types of radiation?

A

Alpha, beta, gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Order each type of radiation from least to most ionising.

A

Gamma, Beta, Alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Order each type of radiation from least to most penetrating.

A

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the alpha decay equation?

A

Mass number (-4)
Atomic number (-2)
+ helium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the beta decay equation?

A

Atomic number (+1)

17
Q

What is the beta particle?

A

A fast moving electron

18
Q

What is the alpha particle?

A

2 protons + 2 neutrons

19
Q

What is the gamma radiation?

A

A high-energy eletromagnetic (transverse) wave

20
Q

How does the sun give heat to the earth?

A

Through infra red radiation
And it can travel through a vaccum

21
Q

4 MARKER: Why does heat transfer quicker in conductors?

A

To transfer heat, particles need to collide. Conductors have free delocalized electrons for more collision, therefore quicker heat transfer.

22
Q

What is temperature?

A

Temperature is a measure of the total heat energy in an object.

23
Q

What is the body temperature in humans?

A

37 degrees celsius

24
Q

What impact does heat have on kinetic energy?

A

More heat = More knetic energy

25
Q

What does delocalised mean?

A

electrons move around, do not stay in one place

26
Q
A