Mathematical Language and Symbols Flashcards
According to Schiro (1997) one very important element in a student’s mathematical success is his competence to communicate mathematically.
Mathematical language
is a system used in the field of mathematics to communicate mathematical ideas, concepts, and theories among people.
Mathematical language
3 characteristics of mathematical language
- Precise
- concise
- powerful
the noun given to a math object/symbol.
mathematical expression
states a complete mathematical thoughts
mathematical sentences
- is a fact, name, notation, usage which is generally agreed upon by mathematicians.
- mathematical language uses symbols to communicate mathematical ideas
Mathematical convention
5 mathematical syntax and structure?
- numbers
- operation symbols
- relation symbols
- grouping symbols
- variables
What are these?
0, 1, 2…
numbers
what are these?
+, -, *, ÷
operation symbols
What are these?
═, ≠, <, ≤, >, ≥
relation symbols
What are these?
(), []. {}
Grouping symbols
What are these?
x, y, A, V
variables
are used to name a dot or a set and label vertices of a polygon. (When naming an angle using three letters, the middle letter must be the vertex).
Capital letters
4 basic concepts in mathematics
- Sets
- Functions
- Relations
- Binary Operation
- a collection of distinct objects forming a group.
- members of a ____ are usually called its elements, denoted by symbol ,∈ , is usually read “is an element of”
Sets
the number of elements in the finite set is known as ____
cardinal number of a set
notation for sets: list each element or member and separate by a ___, and then enclosed the set with ___
comma, curly brackets
- member of a set are written and enclosed in the curly brackets.
- example: A = { Natural numbers less than 5 }
Statement form (representation of set)
Representation of set:
- all elements are listed.
- example: A = {1 2, 3, 4}
roster form
Representation of sets:
- all elements are defined by its property.
- The general form is, A = { x : property}.
Set builder form
- behave like nouns when used in mathematical sentences
- can transform one mathematical object into another one.
functions
it can have properties that can be used conveniently in some mathematical sentences.
functions
- ____ symbols behave like adjectives.
- refers to a property rather than an object
- statement of relationship.
Relations
- acts like a conjunction that sits between two objects (nouns)
- basic operations of mathematics- addition, subtraction, division and multiplication are performed on two operands.
- some familiar examples of this are “plus”, “minus”, “times”, “divided by”, and “raised to the”
binary operations
