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Miscellaneous > Math Vocab Semester 1 > Flashcards

Math Vocab Semester 1 Flashcards

Algebra 1

1
Q

Equation

A

a statement that two expressions are equal.

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2
Q

Linear Equation

A

an equation that can be written in the form of ax+by=0, where a and b are constants and A doesn’t equal 0

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3
Q

Solution

A

a value that makes the equation true

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4
Q

Equivalent Equation

A

equations that have the same solution(s).

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5
Q

Addition Property of Equality

A

if you add the same number of both sides of an equation it produces an equivalent equation. If a=b than a+c=b+c

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6
Q

Subtraction Property of Equality

A

if you subtract the same number to both sides of an equation it produces an equivalent equation. If a=b, than a-c=b-c

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7
Q

Substitution Property of Equality

A

if a=b, than a can be substituted for b (or b for a) in any equation or expression

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8
Q

Multiplication Property of Equality

A

if you multiply both sides of an equation by the same nonzero number it produces an equivalent equation. If a=b, than axc=bxc, c doesn’t equal 0

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9
Q

Division Property of Equality

A

if you divide both sides of an equation by the same nonzero number it produces an equivalent equation. If a=b, then a/c=b/c, c doesn’t equal 0

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10
Q

Identity

A

an equation that is true for all values of the variable and has infinitely many solutions.

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11
Q

Absolute Value Equation

A

an equation that contains an absolute value expression.

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12
Q

Extraneous Solution

A

an apparent solution that must be rejected because it does not satisfy the original equation.

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13
Q

Literal Equation

A

an equation that has two or more variables.

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14
Q

Formula

A

a type of literal equation that shows how one variable is related to one or more other variables.

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15
Q

Inequality

A

a mathematical sentence that compares expressions using the symbols: <,>

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16
Q

Solution of an Inequality

A

is a value that makes the inequality true.

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17
Q

Solution Set

A

the set of all of the solution of an equation or inequality.

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18
Q

Equivalent Inequalities

A

are inequalities that have the same solutions.

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19
Q

Addition Property of Inequality

A

adding the same number to each side of an inequality produces an equivalent inequality.

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20
Q

Subtraction Property of Inequality

A

Subtracting the same number to each side of an inequality produces an equivalent inequality.

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21
Q

Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality (c is positive)

A

Multiplying or dividing each side of an inequality by the same positive number produces an equivalent inequality.

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22
Q

Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality (c is negative)

A

Multiplying or dividing each side of an inequality by the same negative number, the direction of the inequality symbol must be reversed to produce an equivalent inequality.

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23
Q

Compound Inequality

A

is an inequality formed by joining two inequalities with the word “and” or the word “or”

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24
Q

Intersection

A

of two or more sets is the set of elements that are common to every set.(The numbers that are solutions to both in equalities.)

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25
Q

Union

A

of two or more sets is the set that contains all elements of the sets. (The numbers that are solutions of either inequalities)

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26
Q

Set-builder Notation

A

uses symbols to define a set in terms of the properties of the members of the set.

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27
Q

Absolute Value Inequality

A

is an inequality that contains an absolute value expression.

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28
Q

Absolute Deviation

A

of a number x from a given value is the absolute value of the difference of x and the given value.

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29
Q

Relation

A

pairs input with outputs. A set of ordered pairs. (x,y)

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30
Q

Function

A

pairs inputs with exactly one output.

31
Q

Domain

A

of a function is the set of all possible input values.

32
Q

Range

A

of a function is the set of all possible output values.

33
Q

Independent Variable

A

is the variable that represents the input values of a function and can be any value in the domain.

34
Q

Dependent Variable

A

is the variable that represents the output values because it depends on the value of the independent variable.

35
Q

X-intercept

A

of a graph is the x-coordinate of a point where the graph intersects the x-axis. It occurs when y=0.

36
Q

Y-intercept

A

of a graph is the y-coordinate of a point where the graph intersects the y-axis. It occurs when x=0

37
Q

End Behavior

A

of a function is the behavior of the graph as x approaches positive infinity or negative. A function is positive when its graph lies above the x-axis. A function is negative when its graph lies below the x-axis. A function is increasing when its graph moves up as x moves to the right. A function is decreasing when its graph moves down as x moves to the right.

38
Q

Linear Equation in Two Variables

A

x and y, is an equation that can be written in the form y=mx+b whre m and b are constants.

39
Q

Linear Function

A

is a function whose graph is a nonvertical line.

40
Q

Nonlinear Function

A

is a function that does not have a constant rate of change. So, its graph is not a line.

41
Q

Discrete Domain

A

is a set of input values that consist of only certain numbers of an interval.

42
Q

Continuous Domain

A

is a set of input values that consists of all numbers of an interval.

43
Q

Function Notation

A

use f(x) instead of y to quickly identify which variable is the independent variable.

44
Q

Standard Form

A

of a linear equation is Ax+By=C, where, A,B and C are real numbers and A and B are not both 0, and A,B and C are integers that don’t have any common factors other than 1 and A>1.

45
Q

Slope

A

is the rate of change between any two points on a line. It measures the steepness of the line.

46
Q

Constant Function

A

a linear equation written in the form y=0x+b, or y=b. The graph of a constant function is a horizontal line.

47
Q

Reflection

A

flips a graph over a line called the line of reflection. The graph of y=-f(x) is a reflection in the x-axis of the graph of y=f(x). y=f(-x) is a reflection in the y-axis of the graph of y=f(x)

48
Q

Horizontal Stretch

A

transforming a function by multiplying all the inputs (x-coordinates) by the same factor a. When 0<a<1.

49
Q

Horizontal Shrink

A

a transforming a function by multiplying all the inputs (x-coordinate) by the same factor a. When a>1.

50
Q

Vertical Stretch

A

a transforming a function by all the outputs (y-coordinates) by the same factor a. When a>1.

51
Q

Vertical Shrink

A

a transforming a function by multiplying all the outputs(y-coordinates) by the same factor a. When 0<a<1

52
Q

Absolute Value Function

A

is a function that contains an absolute value expression. Its graph is v-shaped and symmetric about the y-axis. The vertex is the point where the graph changes direction.

53
Q

Linear Model

A

is a linear function that models a real-life situation.

54
Q

Point-Slope Form

A

a linear equation written in the form y-y1=m(x-x1)

55
Q

Parallel lines

A

two lines in the same plane that never intersect. They are lines that have the same slope and a different y-intercept.

56
Q

Perpendicular Lines

A

intersect to form a right angle. Their slopes are opposite reciprocals and have a product of negative one.

57
Q

Scatter Plot

A

a graph that shows the relationship between two data sets. The two data sets are graphed as ordered pairs in a coordinate plane.

58
Q

Correlation

A

is a relationship between data sets. You can use a scatter plot to describe correlation between data.

59
Q

Positive Linear Correlation

A

the points lie close to a line As x increases, y increases

60
Q

Negative Linear Correlation

A

the points lie close to a line. As x increases, y decreases.

61
Q

No correlation

A

the points show no pattern.

62
Q

Line of best fit

A

is a line drawn on a scatter plot that is close to most of the data points.

63
Q

Causation

A

is when a change in one variable causes a change in another variable.

64
Q

Interpolation

A

using a graph or its equation to approximate a value between two known values.

65
Q

Extrapolation

A

using a graph or its equation to predict a value outside the range of known values.

66
Q

System of linear equations

A

is a set of two or more linear equations in the same variables.

67
Q

Linear Inequality in Two Variables

A

x and y, can be written in one of the following forms, where a, b, and c are real numbers.

68
Q

Solution of a Linear Inequality in Two Variables

A

is an ordered pair (x,y) that makes the inequality true.

69
Q

Graph of a Linear Inequaltiy

A

in two variables shows all the solutions of the inequality in a coordinate plane. A dashed boundary line means that points on the line are not solutions. A solid boundary line means that point on the line are solutions.

70
Q

Half-plane

A

the boundary line divides the coordinate plane into two half-planes.

71
Q

System of Linear Inequalities

A

is a set of two or more linear inequalities in the same variables.

72
Q

Solution of a System of linear Inequalities

A

in two variables is an ordered pair that is a solution to each inequality

73
Q

Graph of a System of Linear Inequalities

A

is the graph of all the solutions of the system.

Miscellaneous (4 decks)

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