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Miscellaneous > Geometry Vocabulary > Flashcards

Geometry Vocabulary Flashcards

8th Grade (TCMS)

1
Q

An angle measuring exactly 90 degrees.

A

Right Angle

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2
Q

Lines that intersect at right angles.

A

Perpendicular Lines

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3
Q

Lines that do not intersect and are not parallel.

A

Skew Lines

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4
Q

An angle measuring exactly 180 degrees.

A

Straight Angle

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5
Q

An exact statement, written formally, of the meaning or description of a word.

A

Definition

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6
Q

A transformation that produces the mirror image of a geometric figure.

A

Reflection

Accros a line of reflection

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7
Q

A transformation of a figure by turning it about a center point or axis.

A

Rotation

The amount of rotation can be expressed in the number of degrees. The direction of the rotation for two-dimensional figures can be expressed as clockwise or counterclockwise.

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8
Q

A transformation in which every point in a figure is moved in the same direction and by the same distance.

A

Translation

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9
Q

A transformation that preserves distance and angle measure.

A

Isometry

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10
Q

A transformation of points in space consisting of a sequence of one or more translations, reflections, or rotations.

A

Rigid Transformation/Rigid Motion

Rigid transformations preserve distances and angle measures (congruency).

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11
Q

Figures having exactly the same shape and size. One can be mapped to the other using a rigid transformation(s).

A

Definition of Congruence in terms of Rigid Motions

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12
Q

A standardized form of showing a transformation.

A

Mapping

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13
Q

Corresponding points have the same distance from a line.

A

Line of reflection

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14
Q

A proportional increase or decrease in size in all directions.

A

Dilation

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15
Q

To separate or divide.

A

Partition

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16
Q

The constant that is multiplied by the length of each side of a figure to produce an image that is the same shape as the original figure.

A

Scale Factor

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17
Q

Divides a line segment into two equal (congruent) segments.

A

Midpoint

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18
Q

Having exactly the same shape but not necessarily the same size. 1 figure can be obtained by a dilation.

A

Similarity/Similar

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19
Q

An arrangement of shapes closely fitted together in a repeated pattern without gaps or overlaps.

A

Tessellation

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20
Q

The points of a line can be placed in a one-to-one correspondence with the real numbers such that the distance between two distinct points is the absolute value of the difference of the corresponding real numbers.

A

Ruler Postulate

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21
Q

Points on the same line.

A

Collinear Points

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22
Q

If points A, X, and B are collinear points and point X is between points A and B, then AX+XB=AB.

A

Segment Addition Postulate

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23
Q

If point X is in the interior of angle AMB, then measure of angle AMX+ the measure of angle XMB= the measure of angle AMB.

A

Angle Addition Postulate

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24
Q

A line, ray, or line segment that cuts a line segment into two equal parts.

A

Segment Bisector

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25
Q

A triangle containing an interior right angle.

A

Right Triangle

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26
Q

Contains at least two equal length sides and two equal interior angle measures.

A

Isosceles Triangle

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27
Q

A line, ray , or line segment that cuts an angle into two equal parts.

A

Angle Bisector

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28
Q

Emphasizes using facts, ideas, and assumptions.

A

Euclidean Geometry

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29
Q

An idea that is assumed to be true or something that is self-evident.

A

Postulate

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30
Q

An idea that has to be shown to be true through a chain of reasoning, often called a proof.

A

Theorem

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31
Q

If two lines intersect, then vertical angles are congruent.

A

Vertical Angles Theorem

32
Q

A mathematical statement that has not yet been proven.

A

Conjecture

33
Q

Uses facts and general principles to draw conclusions.

A

Deductive Reasoning

34
Q

Uses specific observations and patterns to draw conclusions.

A

Inductive Reasoning

35
Q

A statement that disproves a conjecture.

A

Counterexample

36
Q
  1. Infinite length, no height and no width.
  2. Assumed to be straight.
  3. Considered one-dimensional.
  4. Considered an undefined term.
  5. Goes on forever in both directions.
A

Facts about lines

37
Q
  1. Infinite length and width, with no height
  2. Considered two-dimensional.
  3. Considered an undefined term.
  4. Goes on forever.
A

Facts about Planes

38
Q
  1. No length, no width, and no height.
  2. Named by an ordered pair in the coordinate plane.
  3. Indicates a location or position.
  4. No dimension or actual size.
A

Facts about Points

39
Q

A term which when explaining the term, the explanation relies on the term itself or a close synonym.

A

Undefined Term

40
Q

A portion or piece of a line. Its length is infinite and is determined by its two endpoints.

A

Line Segment

41
Q

Same distance or same length.

A

Equidistant

42
Q

Known as “Father of Geometry”.

A

Euclid

43
Q

If two figures have equal measurements, then the figures are congruent, and vice-versa.

A

Definition of Congruence

44
Q

A statement in the format of “if p, then q”. The phrase P is the hypothesis, and the phrase q is the conclusion.

A

Conditional Statement

45
Q

A statement in which the given conditional “if p, then q” changes to “if q, then p”.

A

Converse Statement

46
Q

A statement in which the given conditional “if p, then q” changes to “if not p, then not q.”

A

Inverse Statement

47
Q

A statement in which the given conditional “if p, then q” changes to “if not q, then not p”

A

Contrapositive Statement

48
Q

A statement written in the format “if and only if” and can only be qualified as this when both the conditional and the converse statement are BOTH true.

A

Biconditional Statement

49
Q

a diagram representing mathematical or logical sets pictorially as circles. Common elements of the sets are within the overlap of the circles.

A

Venn Diagram

50
Q

The opposite of a statement.

A

Negation

51
Q

Two angles that have a common length between them.

A

Linear Pair

52
Q

A whole number greater than 1 that has at least one whole number factor other than one and itself.

A

Composite Number

53
Q

A whole number greater than 1 that is not divisible by any whole number other than 1 and itself.

A

Prime Number

54
Q

Two angles whose measures sum to 90 degrees.

A

Complementary Angles

55
Q

Complements of congruent angles are congruent.

A

Congruent Complements Theorem

56
Q

A true statement that is a simple deduction from a theorem or postulate. Its proof requires only a few simple statements in addition to the proof of the original theorem or postulate.

A

Corollary

57
Q

Complements of the same angle are congruent.

A

Corollary to Congruent Complements Theorem

58
Q

Two angles whose measures sum is exactly 180 degrees.

A

Supplementary Angles

59
Q

Supplements of congruent angles are congruent.

A

Congruent Supplements Theorem

60
Q

Supplements of the same angle are congruent.

A

Corollary to Congruent Supplements Theorem.

61
Q

Two adjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines.

A

Linear Pair

62
Q

If two angles form a linear pair, then they are supplementary.

A

Linear Pair Postulate

63
Q

Are the opposite angles formed when two lines intersect.

A

Vertical Angles

64
Q

If two lines intersect, then vertical angles are congruent.

A

Vertical Angles Theorem

65
Q

Line that intersects two or more lines in the same plane at different points.

A

Transversal

66
Q

Are angles that are in the same position on two parallel lines in relation to a transversal.

A

Corresponding Angles

67
Q

If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then corresponding angles are congruent.

A

Corresponding Angles Theorem

68
Q

If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then alternate exterior angles are congruent.

A

Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem

69
Q

If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then alternate interior angles are congruent.

A

Alternate Interior Angles Theorem

70
Q

If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.

A

Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem

71
Q

If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then exterior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.

A

Consecutive Exterior Angles Theorem

72
Q

When two or more transformations are combined.

A

Sequence of Transformations

Also called Composition of Transformations.

73
Q

One-to-one correspondence between two sets of points.

A

Transformation

74
Q

Two figures are congruent if and only if there exits one or more rigid motions, which will map one figure onto the other.

A

Definition of Congruence in Terms of Rigid Motions.

75
Q

Two triangles are congruent if the three sides of one are congruent to the three sides of the other, respectively.

A

Side-Side-Side (SSS) Congruence Postulate

76
Q

If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to two sides and the included angle of a second triangle, respectively, then the two triangles are congruent.

A

Side-Angle-Side (SAS) Congruence Postulate

77
Q

If two angles and an included side of one triangle are congruent respectively to two angles and an included side of a second triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.

A

Angle-Side- Angle (ASA) Congruence Theorem

Miscellaneous (4 decks)

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