Maternal Substance Use Flashcards
Maternal Cocaine Use
Placental abruption, premature delivery
Increases risk of SIDS
Possible GU/limb anomalies
Often comorbid w/other substance use
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, short palpebral fissures
Hirsutism (resolves by 6mos)
Low IQ, hyperactivity
Cardiac anomalies (septal defects, PDA)
Growth restriction (pre/post-natal)
Irritable, tremulous after birth (can last for mos)
No clear alcohol w/d but commonly comorbid substance use so can see w/d from other drugs
Maternal Marijuana Use
No clear effects
Maternal Methamphetamine Use
Prematurity
IUGR/SGA: uteroplacental vascular impairment, poor maternal health
Neonatal Sx: irritability, agitation, hypersensitivity
Long-Term: neuro-developmental delay
*often comorbid w/other drug abuse
Maternal Tobacco Use
Miscarriage, placental abnl IUGR/SGA Premature birth Possible cleft lip/palate SIDS (altered autonomic function) Asthma/wheezing
Maternal ACE Inhibitor
Worst in 3rd trimester
Renal tubular dysplasia
Maternal Carbamazepine
Neural tube defects
Maternal Phenytoin
Digit/nail hypoplasia
IUGR
Maternal Retinoic Acid
Hydrocephalus
Cardiac defects
Microtia
Maternal Lithium
Ebstein anomaly (TV displaced into RV)
Congenital goiter
Nephrogenic DI
feeding, respiratory issues after birth
Maternal Aspirin
Fetal closure of PDA
Bleeding
(Low doses can be ok)
Maternal Tetracyclines
Yellow-brown discoloration of teeth
Maternal Valproic Acid
Neural tube defects (1% of infants exposed)
Maternal Barbiturate Use
10-20% have birth defects
mid face hypoplasia, cleft lip/palate, heart defects
pre/post-natal growth deficiency
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
May take 5 days to develop if mom was on Methadone
Neurologic: tremor, irritability, increased wakefulness, high-pitched cry, increased muscle tone, hyperreflexia, seizures, yawning/sneezing
GI: poor feeding, uncoordinated suck, emesis, diarrhea, dehydration, poor weight gain
Autonomic: sweating, nasal congestion, fever/temperature instability, mottling
