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OB GYN > Maternal Physio > Flashcards

Maternal Physio Flashcards

1
Q

Increase in cardiac output during pregnancy is attributed to

A

Decreased SVR

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2
Q

Cardiac output increases during

A

5 weeks AOG

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3
Q

Plasma volume expansion begins at

A

10-20 weeks

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4
Q

Heart is displaced ____ and _____ and rotated on its long axis

A

Left and upward

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5
Q

What causes the larger cardiac silhouette on CXR in pregnant women?

A

Apex moved laterally

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6
Q

Murmur heard in 90% of patients that is intensified during inspiration

A

Systolic murmur

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7
Q

Arterial pressure usually decreases to a nadir at how many weeks

A

24-26 weeks

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8
Q

Principal prostaglandin of endothelium that is increased during late pregnancy

A

Prostacyclin

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9
Q

Potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates secretion of ANP, aldosterone and catecholamines

A

Endothelin

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10
Q

Normal blood loss during vaginal delivery

A

500ml

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11
Q

Maternal blood expands during what trimester

A

2nd

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12
Q

Remission of autoimmune disorders is due to

A

Suppressed TH1 response

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13
Q

Hypervolemia averages 40-45% above nonpregnant blood volume during

A

32-34 weeks

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14
Q

Failure of TH1 suppresion may be related to the development of

A

Preeclampsia

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15
Q

Increased levels of these coagulation factors occur in pregnancy

A 
4 F
Fibrinogen 
Factor 7
Factor 10
Flasminogen
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16
Q

WBC and platelet counts are____ during pregnancy

A

Increased WBC

Decreased platelets

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17
Q

Diaphragm rises about how many cms in pregnancy?

A

4cm

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18
Q

Subcostal angle widens how much during the 2nd half of pregnancy?

A

2cm

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19
Q

There is an increase of ___cm in thoracic circumference

A

6cm

20
Q

Physiologic dyspnea results from increase in _______ which lowers blood PCO2

A

Tidal volume

21
Q

This hormone lowers the threshold and increases sensitivity to CO2

A

Progesterone

22
Q

Softening of the isthmus is called

A

Hegar sign

23
Q

Uterine enlargement is most marked in the

A

Fundus

24
Q

Main portion of the uterine wall with figure of 8 configuration

A

Middle layer

25
Q

Softening and cyanosis of the cervix due to increased vascularity

A

Goodell sign

26
Q

Produces progesterone during the first 6-7 weeks

A

Corpus luteum

27
Q

Protein hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, decidua and placenta that remodels reproductive tract

A

Relaxin

28
Q

Increased vascularity of the vagina that results to violet discoloration

A

Chadwick

29
Q

Glands that become prominent in the breasts

A

Glands of montgomery

30
Q

Postprandial hyperglycemia may be due to this hormone

A

Placental lactogen
Estrogen
Progesterone

31
Q

Average weight gain during pregnancy

A

12.5kg

32
Q

Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant patients: what happens to blood sugar levels?

A

Mild fasting hypoglycemia
Postprandial hyperglycemia
Hyperinsulinemia

33
Q

TAG, LDL, HDL and VLDL are all increased during what trimester

A

3rd

34
Q

Leptin deficiency is associated with

A

Anovulation

Infertility

35
Q

Abnormally elevated leptin results to

A

Preeclampsia

GDM

36
Q

Right ureter is dilated more than the left because

A

Dextrorotated uterus

37
Q

Bladder trigone is elevated during

A

12 weeks

38
Q

Appendix is displaced in what direction during pregnancy

A

Upward and laterally

39
Q

Focal, highly vascular swelling of the gums but regress spontaneously after delivery

A

Epulis of pregnancy

40
Q

What happens to the liver size during pregnancy

A

Remains the same

41
Q

This hormone impairs gallbladder contraction which results to increased stasis and cholesterol saturation

A

Progesterone

42
Q

This hormone inhibits intraductal transport of bile acids

A

Estrogen

43
Q

Principal source of GH secretion starting

A

17 weeks AOG

44
Q

Major determinant of maternal insulin resistance after midpregnancy

A

Placental GH

45
Q

This hormone prevents water transfer from fetus into maternal compartment to prevent fetal dehydration

A

Prolactin in amniotic fluid

46
Q

TSH and HCG has identical

A

Alpha subunits

47
Q

The only hormone in the adrenal gland that is decreased during pregnancy

A

DHEA

dhecreased

OB GYN (16 decks)

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