Materials and Resources Flashcards
Chain of custody
A number issued by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) assigned to each order of certified wood purchased
Cradle to cradle
A term applied to a product if a new use can be applied to it after the end of its first useful life, diverting it from a landfill
Cradle to Cradle Certified (C2C)
A product certification program requiring product ingredients to be disclosed to an independent, accredited C2C assessor. C2C rewards achievement in five categories.
Cradle to gate
A term describing the system boundaries of an environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) that covers all activities from the beginning of its production up to the factory gate
Cradle to grave
A term applied to a product if its lifetime is limited to one application or use, ending in a landfill
Deconstruction
The systematic disassembly of building structures to salvage materials for reuse
Disclosure
The revealing of product or material information to a person or group for the use of making informed decisions
Environmental product declaration (EPD)
A standardized, internationally recognized, comprehensive tool for providing information on a product’s environmental impact, based on an ISO-compliant life-cycle assessment (LCA)
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
A third-party certification body that certifies wood that is cut from a sustainably managed forest
GreenScreen
A hazard assessment method that evaluates individual chemicals. Chemicals are assigned to one of four main categories. Benchmark 1 is for chemical substances known to be associated with certain health problems and are of the highest concern, while Benchmark 4 is for chemicals with the lowest level of concern.
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
An open standard for reporting product ingredients and their associated health hazards
Life-cycle approach
A method of looking at a project from the perspective of its entire life-cycle and not just its useful application by assessing supply-chains, efficiency, pay-back, environmental impact and recyclability
Life-cycle assessment (LCA)
An assessment of the environmental impacts associated with a material or product throughout its life cycle
Life-cycle costing (LCC)
An analytic tool used to determine the most cost-effective option among competing alternatives based on the costs of the options throughout their life cycles
Materials reuse
The reuse of materials whose lifetime has been extended to be used in the same purpose for which they were designed
Optimization
The selecting of a product or material based on its superior performance related to specific goal(s)
Postconsumer recycled content
Material that has experienced a useful life and has been recycled by a consumer, such as paper, aluminum and plastic
Pre-consumer recycled content
Material from manufacturing waste, such as sawdust, agricultural by-products, over-runs and other scrap material, that can be created into a new product
Rapidly renewable materials
Fiber or animal-based material that can be grown, harvested and manufactured in under ten years or less
Recycled content
The percentage of material in a product that has been recycled form the waste stream, either pre-consumer or post-consumer, and is used to make new materials
Regional material
Material that is extracted, manufactured and purchased within 100 miles of a project site
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)
EU legislation that requires all chemicals sold in quantity in EU countries to be registered in a central database and prioritized for evaluation and possible avoidance based on their hazard profile. REACH is an alternative compliance path for international projects.
Salvaged material
Building elements such as beams, roofing, flooring, brick and cabinetry that are salvaged from existing buildings
Sustainable forestry
The practice of managing forest resources to meet the long-term product needs of humans while maintaining the biodiversity of forested landscapes
Waste diversion
The amount of waste diverted from the landfill, expressed in tons
