Materials Flashcards
What is a natural material?
Derived from plants, animals or ore
What are composite materials?
Whe two or more materials are bonded
Excellent weight to strength ratios
What are synthetic materials?
Materials that have been created by science
Can include chemicals to create a new material
What are smart materials?
Used to explain the properties of a special range of materials
React to a specific environment
What is a regenerated material?
Materials that have been re-used into a different type of product
Name 3 examples of a natural material and its properties and usage
Cotton-absorbs sweat, comfortable, drapes well-shirts, bed sheets, towels
Copper-very malleable, very ductile(can be stretched to a thin wire), good conductor of heat and electricity-electrical wires, copper water pipes
Wool-from sheep, good thermal qualities, fibres can be spun into yarns and knitted- carpets and jumpers
Name 3 examples of synthetic materials, their properties and usages
Acrylic-available in many colours, strong, thermoplastic-signs, car headlamp covers
ABS-very tough, durable, high impact resistance, can be injection moulded-cases for mobile phones, components for Dyson vacuum cleaner
Lycra-high elasticity, very light, resists absorption of sweat-swimming suits and cycling clothing
Name 3 composite materials, their properties can usages
Kevlar-high resistance to impact, made of woven fibre-bulletproof vests and motorcycle clothing
Carbon fibre-higher strength to weight than steel, can be formed to complex forms and shapes, very strong-racing cycles and race car bodies
Plywood-available in large sheets, very strong, can be bent or laminated-drawer bottoms and boat building
Name 3 regenerated materials, their properties and usages
Chipboard-large particles of wood bonded under pressure with adhesive, very poor in damp or wet environments-kitchen worktops
Paper-available in different thicknesses and sizes-writing paper, tissues, packaging and photos
Card-stronger than paper, available in different thicknesses and sizes-model making and packaging
Name 3 smart materials, their properties and their usage
SMA-spring back into shape if frames are bent-frames for glasses and braces
Photochromic glass-changes colour when subjected to light-welding masks and lenses on sunglasses
Thermochromatic material- changes colour when subjected to different temperatures- kettles
What are alloys?
Mix of components created to improve the properties of the original materials
Name a non ferrous alloy, it’s properties and its usage
Bronze- very good resistance to corrosion, melting point of 900 degrees Celsius-bearings and ship propellers
Name a ferrous metal alloy, it’s properties and its usage
Low carbon mild steel-very tough and very durable, needs galvanising-car bodies, nuts and bolts
Name a few temporary joining methods
Nuts and bolts
Screws
Clips
Brackets
Name a few permanent joining methods
Welding soldering Brazing Adhesive Riveting
