Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Define Elastic Deformation?

A

It reforms to its original size (natural length) when force is removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Plastic Deformation?

A

When stretched it won’t return to its original size (natural length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Hooke’s Law?

A

The extension is proportional to the force applied, up to the limit of proportionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Hooke’s Law as an equation?

A
F = KΔL
F = force
K = spring constant
L = extension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

On a Force-Extension graph what is the Spring Constant?

A

The gradient of the straight part of the line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What on a Force-Extension graph indicates a material has passed the Limit of Proportionality?

A

The graph becomes a curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the area under a Force-Extension graph?

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the area between the Loading and Unloading line of a Force-Extension graph?

A

Energy lost thermaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is meant by a material being Non-Hookean?

A

It does not obey Hooke’s Law

eg. Rubber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If two springs are in Series, What happens their combined spring constant and extension?

A

They will extend twice the amount for the same force.

Their combined spring constant is half of the sum of the springs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If two springs are in Parallel, What happens their combined spring constant and extension?

A

They will extend half the amount for the same force

Their combined spring constant is the sum of the springs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Tensile Stress?

A

Force exerted per unit cross sectional area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the equation for Tensile Stress?

A
σ = F/A
σ = Tensile Stress
F = Force
A = Cross Sectional Area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define Tensile Strain?

A

Extension per unit length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the equation for Tensile Strain?

A
ε = ΔL/L
ε = Tensile Strain
ΔL = Extension (Change in length)
L = Natural Length
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Young Modulus?

A

The young modulus is the equivalent of the spring constant but scaled to the size and shape of the object so that it is a property of the material, rather than of a particular object

17
Q

What is the equation for the Young Modulus?

A

Young Modulus = Tensile Stress / Tensile Strain

= σ/ε = FL/AΔL

18
Q

What is the gradient of a Stress-Strain graph?

A

Young Modulus

19
Q

Define Stiff?

A

It requires a lot of force to strech it

20
Q

Define Strong?

A

It requires a lot of force to break it

21
Q

Define Brittle?

A

It breaks without much plastic deformation

22
Q

Define Ductile?

A

It can survive a lo of plastic deformation

allows it to be pulled in to thin wires

23
Q

Define Malleable?

A

It can be beaten into shape

24
Q

Define Hard?

A

The surface cannot be easily scratched

25
Define Tough?
It will absorb a lot of energy before breaking
26
What is the equation for Density?
``` ρ = m/V ρ = Density m = Mass V = Volume ```
27
What is the equation for Elastic Potential Energy using Spring Constant?
``` E = 0.5 x K (ΔL)² E = Energy K = Spring Constant ΔL = Extension ```
28
What is the equation for Elastic Potential Energy using Force?
``` E = 0.5 FΔL E = Energy F = Force ΔL = Extension ```