Material World Flashcards
what makes a stronger electrolyte
more dissociation of the ions
Formula for Electrolytic Dissociation
NaCl(s)—->Na+(aq)+Cl-(aq)
do you know something is an acid in an equation
The chemical formula begins an H ends with a nonmetal
how do you know when the equation has a base in it
The chemical formula ends with OH and begins with a metal
what is a covalent bond
A bond resulting from a sharing of electrons
how do you show a covalent bond
Lewis notation with the circles
how do I know when a molecule is a covalent bond
both atoms are nonmetal
define an ionic bond
A bond resulting from the gain or loss of electrons
how do you draw an ionic bond
with Lewis notation and arrows
how do you know when a molecule is an ionic bond
when the molecule has one nonmetal atoms and one metal atom
what does it mean when something is exothermic
you get heat from it
what does it mean when something is endothermic
it takes heat away
in the chemical formula the energy or heat is on the right side what does that mean
The equation is exothermic
what does it mean when the energy or heat is on the left side of the equation
The chemical formula is endothermic
what is radioactivity
the emission of particles or energy by the nucleus of the atom following nuclear transformations
what are examples of technology that use radioactivity
cancer treatments
what is work related to
how much force is required to move an object over a certain distance
what is mass
mass is our weight on earth
what is weight
Weight is dependent on the force or pull of gravity
is potential energy
change in vertical displacement. 100% of the energy is potential before an object drops
what is kinetic Energy
movement of objects horizontally, usually all the energy is kinetic
what is the electrical charge of a neutron
neutral
what is the equation for carbonate
CO3 (-2 is the charge)
what is the equation for hydroxide
OH (-1 is the charge)
what is the equation for nitrate
NO3 (-1 is the charge)
what is the equation for ammonium
NH4 (+1 is the charge)
what is the equation for phosphate
PO4 (-3 is the charge)
what is the equation for sulfate
SO4 (-2 is the charge)
is electrolytic dissociation
compounds will separate into two separate charges when dissolved in water. Ion means “to go” in Greek
how do you name an ionic bond
first name the metal and then you name the nonmetal with the suffix “ide”
what are the names for NaCl and Li2S
Sodium Chloride
Lithium Sulfide
how do you name an ionic compound with a transition metal
same way you would with an ionic compound but you use a Roman numeral after the metal
what are the names of TiCl4 and PbBr2
Titanium(IV) Chloride
Lead(II) Bromide
how do you write the name of a covalent compound
write the prefix before the first nonmetal, then the prefix of the second nonmetal, and then add the suffix at the end of the second nonmetal
How do you right CO and N2O3
Carbon Monoxide
Dinitrogen trioxide
(IF THE FIRST ELEMENT IS MONO YOU DONT WRITE THE PREFIX)
what are the prefixes for numbers one through six
1-mono 2-Di 3-tri 4-tetra 5-penta 6-hexa
how do you write the name into a formula
find the charges and then cross them over
what is Avogadro’s number
6.02x10^23
what is the atomic number of an element related to
Number of protons that element has
what is an isotope
Adams of the same element whose nuclei have different numbers of neutrons and therefore a different atomic mass
what is a radioactive isotope
an isotope who’s atomic nucleus is unstable
what is relative atomic mass
The average mass of the atoms in an element
what do all periods have in common
same number of shells
what’s in common about the groups
same number of valence electrons
what is the periodicity the atomic radius of atoms
The biggest is in the bottom left corner and as it goes out they get smaller
what family is the most reactive
halogen
what is current intensity
The number of charges that flows past a given point
what is potential difference
The amount of energy transferred between two points in an electrical circuit
what is the left-hand rule for a solenoid
The fingers curled around the coil in the direction of the current and the thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field lines (to north)
what can affect the strength of an electromagnet
material of the wire
the current intensity
and the number of coils
what can you use a solenoid for
for transforming electrical energy into magnetic energy
