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Science EST > Material World > Flashcards

Material World Flashcards

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1
Q

what makes a stronger electrolyte

A

more dissociation of the ions

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2
Q

Formula for Electrolytic Dissociation

A

NaCl(s)—->Na+(aq)+Cl-(aq)

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3
Q

do you know something is an acid in an equation

A

The chemical formula begins an H ends with a nonmetal

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4
Q

how do you know when the equation has a base in it

A

The chemical formula ends with OH and begins with a metal

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5
Q

what is a covalent bond

A

A bond resulting from a sharing of electrons

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6
Q

how do you show a covalent bond

A

Lewis notation with the circles

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7
Q

how do I know when a molecule is a covalent bond

A

both atoms are nonmetal

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8
Q

define an ionic bond

A

A bond resulting from the gain or loss of electrons

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9
Q

how do you draw an ionic bond

A

with Lewis notation and arrows

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10
Q

how do you know when a molecule is an ionic bond

A

when the molecule has one nonmetal atoms and one metal atom

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11
Q

what does it mean when something is exothermic

A

you get heat from it

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12
Q

what does it mean when something is endothermic

A

it takes heat away

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13
Q

in the chemical formula the energy or heat is on the right side what does that mean

A

The equation is exothermic

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14
Q

what does it mean when the energy or heat is on the left side of the equation

A

The chemical formula is endothermic

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15
Q

what is radioactivity

A

the emission of particles or energy by the nucleus of the atom following nuclear transformations

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16
Q

what are examples of technology that use radioactivity

A

cancer treatments

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17
Q

what is work related to

A

how much force is required to move an object over a certain distance

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18
Q

what is mass

A

mass is our weight on earth

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19
Q

what is weight

A

Weight is dependent on the force or pull of gravity

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20
Q

is potential energy

A

change in vertical displacement. 100% of the energy is potential before an object drops

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21
Q

what is kinetic Energy

A

movement of objects horizontally, usually all the energy is kinetic

22
Q

what is the electrical charge of a neutron

A

neutral

23
Q

what is the equation for carbonate

A

CO3 (-2 is the charge)

24
Q

what is the equation for hydroxide

A

OH (-1 is the charge)

25
Q

what is the equation for nitrate

A

NO3 (-1 is the charge)

26
Q

what is the equation for ammonium

A

NH4 (+1 is the charge)

27
Q

what is the equation for phosphate

A

PO4 (-3 is the charge)

28
Q

what is the equation for sulfate

A

SO4 (-2 is the charge)

29
Q

is electrolytic dissociation

A

compounds will separate into two separate charges when dissolved in water. Ion means “to go” in Greek

30
Q

how do you name an ionic bond

A

first name the metal and then you name the nonmetal with the suffix “ide”

31
Q

what are the names for NaCl and Li2S

A

Sodium Chloride

Lithium Sulfide

32
Q

how do you name an ionic compound with a transition metal

A

same way you would with an ionic compound but you use a Roman numeral after the metal

33
Q

what are the names of TiCl4 and PbBr2

A

Titanium(IV) Chloride

Lead(II) Bromide

34
Q

how do you write the name of a covalent compound

A

write the prefix before the first nonmetal, then the prefix of the second nonmetal, and then add the suffix at the end of the second nonmetal

35
Q

How do you right CO and N2O3

A

Carbon Monoxide
Dinitrogen trioxide
(IF THE FIRST ELEMENT IS MONO YOU DONT WRITE THE PREFIX)

36
Q

what are the prefixes for numbers one through six

A 
1-mono
2-Di
3-tri
4-tetra
5-penta
6-hexa
37
Q

how do you write the name into a formula

A

find the charges and then cross them over

38
Q

what is Avogadro’s number

A

6.02x10^23

39
Q

what is the atomic number of an element related to

A

Number of protons that element has

40
Q

what is an isotope

A

Adams of the same element whose nuclei have different numbers of neutrons and therefore a different atomic mass

41
Q

what is a radioactive isotope

A

an isotope who’s atomic nucleus is unstable

42
Q

what is relative atomic mass

A

The average mass of the atoms in an element

43
Q

what do all periods have in common

A

same number of shells

44
Q

what’s in common about the groups

A

same number of valence electrons

45
Q

what is the periodicity the atomic radius of atoms

A

The biggest is in the bottom left corner and as it goes out they get smaller

46
Q

what family is the most reactive

A

halogen

47
Q

what is current intensity

A

The number of charges that flows past a given point

48
Q

what is potential difference

A

The amount of energy transferred between two points in an electrical circuit

49
Q

what is the left-hand rule for a solenoid

A

The fingers curled around the coil in the direction of the current and the thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field lines (to north)

50
Q

what can affect the strength of an electromagnet

A

material of the wire
the current intensity
and the number of coils

51
Q

what can you use a solenoid for

A

for transforming electrical energy into magnetic energy

Science EST (4 decks)

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