Master Deck

Question 1

Lexicon

Answer 1

The vocabulary of a person

Question 2

Prescriptive Grammar

Answer 2

The structure of language as certain people think that it should be used

Question 3

Semanticity

Answer 3

Study of words and their meanings

Question 4

Myths about signed language

Answer 4

1. signed language is derived from spoken language.
2. signed languages are codes
3. there is only one signed language
4. deaf people will use sign language to communicate

Question 5

differences between codes and languages (list 4)

Answer 5

code - artificially constructed system to represent a natural langues
codes borrow structure from natural language
codes do not have native speakers
codes do not evolve; language does

Question 6

Place of articulation

Answer 6

In articulatory phonetics, the place of articulation of a consonant is a location along the vocal tract where its production occurs. It is a point where a constriction is made between an active and a passive articulator.

Question 7

Manner of articulation

Answer 7

is the configuration and interaction of the articulators when making a speech sound

Question 8

Diphthong

Answer 8

a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another

Question 9

Pragmatics

Answer 9

the study of the use of natural language in communication

Question 10

Syntax

Answer 10

the rules that pertain to the ways in which words can be combined to form sentences in a language.

Question 11

Semantics

Answer 11

the meaning of words and combinations of words in a language.

Question 12

Phonology

Answer 12

the branch of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds (including or excluding phonetics), within a language or between different languages.

Question 13

Morpheme

Answer 13

a meaningful morphological unit of a language that cannot be further divided (e.g. in, come, -ing, forming incoming )

Question 14

Morphology

Answer 14

The study of the forms of words

Question 15

Reduplicant

Answer 15

The reduplicated segment in a word resulting from a reduplication process

Question 16

Reduplication

Answer 16

A word-formation process in which all or part of a word is repeated to convey some form of meaning

Question 17

Root

Answer 17

either a base word, or a part of a word to which affixes are added

Question 18

Received Pronunciation’ (RP)

Answer 18

The proper term to describe the regionally neutral accent used by many middle-class speakers in the UK, particularly in England

Question 19

Articulators

Answer 19

any vocal organ that takes part in the production of a speech sound

Question 20

Place of articulation

Answer 20

In articulatory phonetics, the place of articulation of a consonant is a location along the vocal tract where its production occurs. It is a point where a constriction is made between an active and a passive articulator.

Question 21

Bilabial sounds

Answer 21

Sounds involving both lips

Question 22

Linguistic competence

Answer 22

the ability to interpret the social meaning of the choice of linguistic varieties and to use language with the appropriate social meaning for the communication situation

Question 23

Linguistic performance

Answer 23

Use of language in concrete situations

Question 24

Speech communication chain

Answer 24

is a simple model of spoken communication that highlights the transformation of an intention in the mind of the speaker to an understanding of that intention

Question 25

Speech communication chain steps

Answer 25

speech production, auditory feedback to the speaker, speech transmission (through air or over an electronic communication system (to the listener), and speech perception and understanding by the listener.

1. Think of what you want to communicate
2. Pick out words to express the idea
3. Put these words together in a certain order following rules
4. Figure out how to pronounce these words
5. Send those pronunciations to your vocal anatomy
6. Speak: send the sounds through the air
7. Perceive: listener hears the sounds
8. Decode: listener interprets sounds as language
9. Connect: listener receives communicated idea

Question 26

Descriptive grammar

Answer 26

An approach to grammar and how one uses the language.

Question 27

Evidence that writing and language are not the same (4 reasons)

Answer 27

writing doesn’t exist everywhere
writing must be taught
neurological evidence (areas of the brain)
writing can be edited

Question 28

Charles Hockett’s nine design features (necessary for a communication system to be considered a language) (list)

Answer 28

1. mode of communication
2. semanticity
3. pragmatic function
4. interchangeability
5. cultural transmission
6. arbitrariness
7. discreteness

Question 29

Reasons some people believe writing to be superior to speech (3 reasons)

Answer 29

writing can be edited writing must be taught writing is more physically stable

Question 30

Evidence that writing and language are not the same (4 reasons)

Answer 30

writing doesn’t exist everywhere writing must be taught neurological evidence (areas of the brain)
writing can be edited

Question 31

Displacement

Answer 31

the capability of language to communicate about things that are not immediately present (spatially or temporally)

Question 32

Content morpheme

Answer 32

a root that forms the semantic core of a major class word

Question 33

Derivation

Answer 33

the obtaining or developing of something from a source or origin

Question 34

Function morpheme

Answer 34

a morpheme which simply modifies the meaning of a word, rather than supplying the root meaning

Question 35

Fusional language

Answer 35

Fusional languages or inflected languages are a type of synthetic language, distinguished from agglutinative languages by their tendency to use a single inflectional morpheme to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic.

Question 36

Homophony

Answer 36

the linguistic phenomenon whereby words of different origins become identical in pronunciation

Question 37

Infix

Answer 37

an affix inserted inside a word stem

Question 38

Open lexical category

Answer 38

It is open if the new word and the original word belong to the same category

Question 39

Morpheme

Answer 39

a meaningful morphological unit of a language that cannot be further divided (e.g. in, come, -ing, forming incoming)

Question 40

Partial reduplication

Answer 40

involves consonant ablaut or vowel alternation