Language Myth 7

Question 1

Affix

Answer 1

an additional element placed at the beginning or end of a root, stem, or word, or in the body of a word, to modify its meaning.

Question 2

Affixation

Answer 2

the process of inflection or derivation that consists of adding an affix

Question 3

agglutinating language

Answer 3

form words through the combination of smaller morphemes to express compound ideas

Question 4

allomorph

Answer 4

any of two or more actual representations of a morpheme

Question 5

Alternation

Answer 5

the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization

Question 6

Ambiguity

Answer 6

a quality of language that makes speech or written text open to multiple interpretations

Question 7

Analytic language

Answer 7

a language that conveys relationships between words in sentences primarily by way of helper words (particles, prepositions, etc.) and word order, as opposed to using inflections

Question 8

Bound morpheme

Answer 8

A morpheme that cannot stand alone with meaning

Question 9

Bound root

Answer 9

a root which cannot occur as a separate word apart from any other morpheme.

Question 10

Closed lexical category

Answer 10

pronouns (you, them), modal verbs (could, must), determiners (a, the), prepositions (of, in), and conjunctions (and, but)

Question 11

Compounding

Answer 11

the process of word formation that creates compound lexemes

Question 12

Conjunction

Answer 12

a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause

Question 13

Content morpheme

Answer 13

a root that forms the semantic core of a major class word

Question 14

Content word

Answer 14

words that possess semantic content and contribute to the meaning of the sentence in which they occur

Question 15

Derivation

Answer 15

the obtaining or developing of something from a source or origin

Question 16

Determiner

Answer 16

a modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has

Question 17

Form

Answer 17

A meaningful unit of speech

Question 18

Free morpheme

Answer 18

A morpheme that can carry meaning on its own, and does not require a prefix, suffix, or infix to give it meaning

Question 19

Function morpheme

Answer 19

a morpheme which simply modifies the meaning of a word, rather than supplying the root meaning

Question 20

Function word

Answer 20

a word whose purpose is more to signal grammatical relationship than the lexical meaning of a sentence

Question 21

Fusional language

Answer 21

Fusional languages or inflected languages are a type of synthetic language, distinguished from agglutinative languages by their tendency to use a single inflectional morpheme to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features

Question 22

Hierarchical structure

Answer 22

the format of linguistic representations

Question 23

Homophony

Answer 23

the linguistic phenomenon whereby words of different origins become identical in pronunciation

Question 24

Incorporation

Answer 24

a phenomenon by which a grammatical category, such as a verb, forms a compound with its direct object (object incorporation) or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function

Question 25

Infix

Answer 25

an affix inserted inside a word stem

Question 26

Inflection

Answer 26

a change in the form of a word (typically the ending) to express a grammatical function or attribute such as tense, mood, person, number, case, and gender

Question 27

Input

Answer 27

the exposure learners have to authentic language in use

Question 28

Lexical category

Answer 28

grammar, a part of speech or part-of-speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical properties

Question 29

Lexicon

Answer 29

the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge

Question 30

Morpheme

Answer 30

a meaningful morphological unit of a language that cannot be further divided (e.g. in, come, -ing, forming incoming )

Question 31

Morphology

Answer 31

the study of the forms of words

Question 32

Open lexical category

Answer 32

It is open if the new word and the original word belong to the same category

Question 33

Output

Answer 33

the language the learner produces

Question 34

Partial reduplication

Answer 34

involves consonant ablaut or vowel alternation

Question 35

Polysynthetic language

Answer 35

words that are composed of multiple morphemes

Question 36

Prefix

Answer 36

word, letter, or number placed before another

Question 37

Preposition

Answer 37

word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause

Question 38

Productive

Answer 38

the degree to which speakers of a language use a particular grammatical process, especially in word formation

Question 39

Pronoun

Answer 39

a word that can function by itself as a noun phrase and that refers either to the participants in the discourse

Question 40

Reduplicant

Answer 40

The reduplicated segment in a word resulting from a reduplication process

Question 41

Reduplication

Answer 41

A word-formation process in which all or part of a word is repeated to convey some form of meaning

Question 42

Root

Answer 42

either a base word, or a part of a word to which affixes are added

Question 43

Simultaneous affix

Answer 43

an affix that takes place at the same time as its base

Question 44

Stem

Answer 44

a part of a word responsible for its lexical meaning

Question 45

Suffix

Answer 45

a morpheme added at the end of a word to form a derivative, e.g., -ation, -fy, -ing, -itis

Question 46

Suppletion

Answer 46

the occurrence of an unrelated form to fill a gap in a conjugation