Mass casualty

Question 1

What is endemic

Answer 1

a disease that exists permanently in a particular

region or population (i.e. Malaria (Africa))

Question 2

what is Epidemic

Answer 2

an illness, specific health related behavior, or other
health related events clearly in excess of normal
expectancy in a region and actively spreading

Question 3

what is a pandemic

Answer 3

An epidemic of disease, or other health condition, that
occurs over a widespread area (multiple countries or
continents) and

Question 4

What is a Mass Casualty Incident (MCI)

Answer 4

event which generates more patients at one
time than locally available resources can
manage with routine procedures

Question 5

how to categorize MCI/

Answer 5

Potential injury creating Event (PICE)

1. Potential for additional casualties
2. Effect on local resources
3. Geographic involvement

Projected Need / PICE Stage

Question 6

possibles of Potential for additional casualties

Answer 6

– Static : no more casualties

– Dynamic : evolving , potentially more casualties

Question 7

whhat are the possibles Effect on local resources

Answer 7

– Controlled : sufficient resources
– Disruptive: affecting quality of care for all
– Paralytic : total system breakdown

Question 8

Wat are the . Geographic involvement?

Answer 8

• Local / Regional

* National / International

Question 9

wt are the PICE stage?

Answer 9

• Stage 0: no need for outside aid
• Stage 1: small need for outside aid or on alert
• Stage 2: moderate need for outside aid, outside
aid is on standby
• Stage 3: large need for outside aid, outside aid is
dispatched

Question 10

What are the types of injures as a result of Types of MCI/Disaster

Answer 10

1. blast /explosion injuries
2. Motor Vehicle
3. Gun violence

Question 11

Wat is a triage?

Answer 11

to quickly identify immediate life threatening injuries and those who has best chance of surviving

Question 12

what are some triage strategy

Answer 12

START / JumpSTART / SALT

CTAS

Question 13

What is the strateggy used for field triage (primary triage)

Answer 13

Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment (START)
Based on (RPM)
–Respiration (>30Bpm, <6Bpm)
–Perfusion (>2 sec)
–Mental status can’t follow commands

Question 14

what are the severity resulting from classification usingg START?

Answer 14

• Green uninjured/minimal
• Yellow moderate
• Red severe/emergent
- Black deceased/expected

Question 15

What is (CTAS)

Answer 15

canadian triage acuity score

• used Pre hospital and ED
• give 2 score
  1) on arrival
  2) departure

Question 16

what are the level of CTAS

Answer 16

lvl 1 - 5

Black: No treatment or palliative
resources

Question 17

What is level 1

Answer 17

REd: emergent or immediate interventions
(Life or limb)

RESUSCITATION
•threat to life or limb
•unstable vitals
•imminent risk if no intervention

Question 18

What is level 2

Answer 18

-->level 2: EMERGENT
a potential threat to life, limb or
function
–Chest pain
–Headache
–Mod. respiratory distress

Question 19

What is level 3

Answer 19

yellow: urgent but treatments can
be delayed

Level 3: URGENT
–Active injury that may progress and vitals at
upper/lower ends of normal
•mild resp distress,
•Asympomatic HTN
•Moderate abdo pain
•Bloody/frequent bm
•N +/ V

Question 20

what is level 4

Answer 20

Level 4: LESS URGENT

Withhold Tx for 1-2 hours (injury/age)

Question 21

wat is level 5

Answer 21

Green non urgent intervention, pt can
safely await Tx

Level 5: NON URGENT Conditions that
may be acute or a part of a chronic
problem
–mild diarrhea
–uncomplicated dressing change

Question 22

What are 3 components to pediatric triage?

Answer 22

• Work of breathing

• Appearance
• Circulation

Question 23

What are the reverse triage category

Answer 23

Red: Require ongoing treatment and/or unstable
and not appropriate for transfer

Yellow: Potential transfer (next 24hours) and/or
appropriate to move into non traditional
care areas (i.e. stepdown ICUs)

green: Patients that can be transferred