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EASA ATPL - EZMP30. > Mass & Balance > Flashcards

Mass & Balance Flashcards

1
Q

Basic Empty Mass (BEM)

A

The aeroplanes mass plus standard items.

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2
Q

Components of BEM (x 5 items).

A 
Empty clean aircraft
Unusable fuel
Operating liquids 
Emergency equipment
Supplementary electronic equipment
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3
Q

When must operator establish BEM

A

Before aircraft enters service

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4
Q

Who can weigh aircraft?

A

Manufacturer or Approved Maintenance Organisation

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5
Q

Where should aircraft be weighed?

A

In an enclosed building

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6
Q

How often should aircraft be weighed?

A

Every 4 years or every 9 years if part of a fleet

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7
Q

What are the effects of Mass on performance? (11 x items)

A 
Reduced manoeuvrability 
Longer take off run
Lower angle of climb 
Lower rate of climb
Increased fuel consumption
Increased wear on tyres
Reduced factors of safety
Increased stalling speed
Change in flight characteristics 
Increased landing speed
Increased angle of glide
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8
Q

What is the Specific Gravity of AVGAS? (Piston aircraft)

A

0.72 SG

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9
Q

What is the Specific Gravity of AVTUR? (Turbine aircraft)

A

0.80 SG

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10
Q

What is the Specific Gravity of engine oil?

A

0.88 SG

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11
Q

How many litres in 1 USG?

A

3.785l

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12
Q

How many litres in 1 x Imp Gallon?

A

4.456litres

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13
Q

How many USG in 1 x Imp Gallon?

A

1.2 USG

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14
Q

How many pints in a gallon? (Both US and Imperial)

A

8 pints.

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15
Q

What are the components of All Up Mass? (AUM)

A

Basic Empty Mass (BEM)
Variable Load (VL)
Traffic Load (TL)
Fuel

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16
Q

What composes BEM?

A 
Mass of aircraft
Unusable fuel
Operating liquids
Safety equipment
Supplementary electronic equipment
17
Q

What composes Variable Load?

A 
Crew and their baggage
Catering and other removable passenger service equipment
Food and beverages
Potable water
Lavatory chemicals
18
Q

What is Traffic Load (TL) made from?

A

Combined mass of passengers and their baggage, plus cargo, plus non-revenue Load.

19
Q

What makes up fuel (as part of AUM)

A

Usable fuel in tanks

20
Q

What makes up Dry Operating Mass (DOM)?

A

BEM + VL

21
Q

What makes up Useful Load?

A

TL + F

22
Q

What makes up Operating Mass (as part of AUM)

A

BEM + VL + Fuel

23
Q

What makes up Zero Fuel Mass (as part of AUM)?

A

DOM + TL

24
Q

What is Maximum Structural Taxi Mass/Maximum Ramp Mass(MRM)?

A

Maximum permissible mass when aircraft begins to taxi.

25
Q

What is Maximum Structural Take off Mass (MSTOM)?

A

Absolute maximum mass at start of a take off run. This will be less than MRM.

26
Q

What is Maximum Zero Fuel Mass (MZFM)?

A

Maximum aircraft weight with zero useable fuel.

27
Q

What is Maximum Structural Landing Mass (MSLM)?

A

Maximum landing mass on landing in normal circumstances.

28
Q

What is the Performance Limited Takeoff Mass? (PLTOM)

A

Maximum takeoff mass allowable, to comply with departure performance limitations. I.e runway distance available.

29
Q

What is Performance Limited Landing Mass (PLLM)?

A

Maximum permissible landing mass allowable, to comply with landing runway limitations. I.e. runway distance available + climb gradients in case of go around

30
Q

What is Regulated Take off Mass (RTOM)?

A

The lower of MSTOM/PLTOM

31
Q

What is Regulated Landing Mass (RLM)?

A

The lower of MSLM/PLLM

32
Q

What are the components of Block Fuel?

A

Taxi fuel; trip fuel; contingency fuel; reserve fuel; additional fuel; extra fuel.

33
Q

What are the components of Take off fuel?

A

Block fuel minus taxi fuel minus start up fuel.

34
Q

What are the components of landing fuel?

A

Take off fuel minus trip fuel.

35
Q

What is Allowed Take of Mass (ATOM)?

A

Lowest of:

RTOM
RLM + Trip Fuel
MZFM + Take off Fuel

36
Q

How do you determine Maximum Traffic Load?

A

Maximum Traffic Load = ATOM minus DOM minus takeoff fuel.

37
Q

How do you determine Maximum Fuel Load?

A

ATOM minus DOM minus Traffic Load.

EASA ATPL - EZMP30. (4 decks)

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