Mass Flashcards
What is Mass?
A collection of songs sung during Church occasions broken up into Mass Ordinary and Mass Proper (Middle Ages)
What is Musica Ficta?
Performance practice where composers would alter a note by a half step, much like modern day accidentals. (Middle Ages)
What is isorhythm?
Combines melodic lines (color) with rhythmic lines (talea) that usually overlap (Middle Ages)
What is hocket?
Two voices combine to create a single melody: one resting while the other sings: sounds like a hiccup (Middle Ages)
What is Ars Nova style?
“New Art”, A musical style in the 14th century that was used in reference to French music at the time. It employed greater complexity in all aspects of music as well as Musica Ficta, isorhythm and hocket. It was the successor of Ars Antiqua which was “ancient art”. (Middle Ages)
How did Mass develop during the Middle Ages?
At first, Mass was monophonic and employed only modal melodies and nearly no innovation. However, soon polyphony started to develop in Mass and newer techniques developed by newer composers started to emerge. This was shown by the development of a second, third and fourth voice in Mass. (Middle Ages)
Who was Phillipe de Vitry and how did he contribute to Ars Nova style?
He coined the term in a 14th century treatise and started using duple time as well as paving the way for Renaissance Music (Middle Ages)
What was the Messe de Nostre Dame?
A polyphonic Mass written by Guillaume de Machaut during the 14th century that might have been based off of the Messe de Tournai (Middle Ages)
How did Guillaume de Machaut contribute to Mass?
He added a contratenor on top of the 3 voices of motet to create a 4 voice composition. He was also the most significant composer of the Ars Nova style, and wrote Chansons, Motets and Masses, being the first to write a polyphonic Mass. He incorporated isorhythm, hocket, Musica Ficta, and syncopation into his works. He wrote both Sacred and secular music as he worked for the church and the nobility. (Middle Ages)
ALL CHARACTERISTICS OF KYRIE FROM MESSE DE NOSTRE DAME
of voices: 4
Genre: Kyrie from Mass Ordinary
Composer: Guillaume de Machaut
Composition date: ca 1350
Source of Text: Kyrie from Mass Ordinary
Language: Greek
Performing Voices: Triplum, Duplum/Motetus, Tenor, Contratenor
Borrowed materials: Cantus Firmus in tenor is based on a 10th-century plainchant (Kyrie cunctipotens genitor Deus from Gregorian Mass IV)
Text form: ABA
Texture: Monophonic and Polyphonic
Style: Ars Nova
Leap size: Large (Middle Ages)
