Concerto Flashcards
What allowed for the emergence of the Concerto Genre?
The increase in popularity of instrumental music (Baroque)
What is the main idea behind a Concerto?
To reach agreement (Baroque)
What did the term Concerto initially reference?
Works that included independent parts for both voices and soloists (Baroque)
Who is considered to be the inventor of the concerto as we know it?
Giuseppe Torelli in 1692 Italy when he used it to describe his instrumental works (Baroque)
What did the term concerto reference by 1700?
A soloist or group of soloists contrasting with a larger ensemble (Baroque)
Who was Arcangelo Corelli?
A virtuoso violinist and composer whose concerti grossi helped define the genre (Baroque)
What is a concerto?
A multi-movement orchestral work that usually came in 3 movements: Allegro, Largo, Allegro with ritornello employed in the allegro movements (Baroque)
What is a solo concerto?
A concerto with 1 soloist alternating with the orchestra, usually to demonstrate virtuosity (Baroque)
What is concerto grosso?
A concerto with more than 1 soloist alternating with the orchestra (Baroque)
What is the concertino?
The group of solo instruments in a concerto grosso (Baroque)
What is the ripieno?
The whole orchestra in a concerto (Baroque)
ALL CHARACTERISTICS OF Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047
Background: Bach dedicated 6 concerti grossi to the Margrave of Brandenburg, Christian Ludwig in 1721
Genre: Concerto grosso
Composer: Johann Sebastian Bach
Date: 1721
Structure: 3 movements
Performing forces: Orchestra and soloists (oboe, violin, flute, trumpet)
Mood: Bright and Happy (Baroque)
Musical characteristics of Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047
Movement 1: Uses lots of Fortspinnung and modulation in this bright and cheerful piece to other keys to maintain listener interest as the ritornello appears throughout the piece. The soloists consist of the trumpet, flute, oboe, and violin. The original ritornello consists of 4 motives, with 1 and 3 outlining the tonic triad while 2 and 4 play scales. Each concertino part consists of 2 other motives. (Baroque)
Who was Johann Sebastian Bach?
He was a German composer of the late Baroque era that composed cantatas, oratorios, mass, instrumental music and orchestral music. He was considered to be the man that perfected polyphony and counterpoint and many other existing genres. He took in national styles from various countries across Europe. He also was an exceptionally skilled keyboard player and composed many pieces of all levels. (Baroque)
