Masonry Flashcards
Which of the below brick would be good for cold weather but not real wet conditions?
MW brick (moderate weathering)
What is the minimum that adjustable assemblies should be from the edge of brick using truss type reinforcing wire?
5/8 inch
– What type of cement-lime mortar should be used to achieve 1,800 psi average compressive strength at 28 days?
Type S
Continuous horizontal joint reinforcement is ordinarily made from which gauge wire (AWG)?
8, 9, 10, or 11
Which of the below should be used when cleaning new masonry work?
Muriatic acidHydrochloric or Muriatic acid may not be answer given, could be Phosphoric Acid or TSP (Trisodium Phosphate).or sandblasting.
Which of the below tools would a mason use to cut a brick that was going to be hidden on the inside by mortar?
Brick hammer
Which of the below would be the most weatherproof mortar joint?
Concave
Which of the below is the most significant property of hardened mortar but also the most difficult to predict?
Bonding strength
The air space for a 2 Wythe cavity wall should be between 1” and 4”, what is the most common?
2 inch
The filling in with fresh mortar of cut out or defective mortar joints would be which of the below terms?
Tuck-pointing
A brick bond where all units line up vertical over each other would be which of the below?
Stack bond
Which of the below brick bonds would be the weakest?
Stack bond
The wide flange of block is located where:
Top
A masonry block weighs:
40 lbs normal, 35 lbs lightweight (actually light-weight is 22 pounds)
When laying masonry, how far should you keep off string line?
1/16 inch
Unused mortar for glass masonry unit shall be discarded within _______ after initial mixing.
90 min
When should concrete masonry units be wetted down?
Never
Five stretcher courses of brick with one header course indicate which of the following types of bonds?
Common
The nominal size of an 8 inch stretcher block is?
8 x 8 x 16
Which of the following is not a masonry mortar type?
P
Which of the following is not part of a masonry arch?
Quantum – quantities or amounts
Wall tie in a brick masonry cavity wall should be placed what distance from either edge of the masonry unit?
5/8 inch
Welded wire reinforcement for masonry should be lapped to what minimum distance?
One full wire grid spacing plus 2 inches
Which masonry joint finish generally provides the best moisture protection?
Tooled
Foundation walls that are being damp proofed should be parged to a height of ___inches above finish grade.
6 inches
Efflorescence on masonry walls is caused by soluble salts in wet brick being carried to the surface as water evaporates.
TRUE
A brick bond where there are alternate rows of stretcher and header rows are called:
English
Which of the below would be an advantage of a 2 core masonry block.
1 – Center web is thicker 2 – Block is 4 pounds lighter 3 – More interior space for conduits 4 – All of the above
What material is best used for exterior window sills?
Limestone
When laying a masonry wall, the corner leads shall be laid up at least 4 or 5 courses above the center of the wall.
TRUE
A control joint in a masonry wall should be sealed with a caulking compound after the mortar joint has been raked out to a depth of ___ inch.
3/4 inch
A curtain wall is a non-bearing wall that supports themselves.
TRUE
A jack arch needs to be supported by steel if the opening is over ____feet wide.
2 feet
Four inch WWM (welded wire mesh / reinforcement) shall be lapped a minimum of:
6 inches
The clear distance between vertical reinforcing bars in masonry columns shall be a minimum:
1 ½ times the bar diameter
Which ingredient, when increased, which add to the compressive strength of mortar?
Cement
Which type of portland cement is best used in a drainage structure with exposure to moderate sulfate concentrations?
Type II
When estimating for new construction of concrete masonry what is the nominal mortar joint width to use?
3/8 inch
When mixing fine grout, what is the ratio of sand to cement (or how many bags of sand to bags of cement are required)?
3:01
Which of the following brick patterns (bonds) would require more time and material to perform?
Basket weave
When mixing one cubic feet (one bag) of cement when mixing mortar, how much sand would be required?
3 cubic feet
Which of the following masonry joint would give you the most water tight wall?
Concave
What is the actual size (measurements) of an 8 inch x 8 inch x 16 inch masonry block?
7 5/8 inch x 7 5/8 inch x 15 5/8 inch
When using a common bond pattern on brick work, how many running bonds are there between the header courses?
5
Which of the following would not be the proper terminology when referring to brick arches?
Jewel
What best describes “tuckpointing”?
the process on filling in defective mortar joints with fresh (new) mortar
When using reinforcing wire in concrete (masonry) block, what is the normal course separation between the reinforcement?
16 inches – 2 courses
What is the most common type of Portland cement used in the construction field?
Type I
If you have a brick bond that alternates stretchers and headers, with the headers in alternate courses centered over the stretcher courses above and below. What would this pattern of brick be known as?
– Flemish bond with header
What would be the proper consistency of mortar when actually performing the masonry work?
Mortar that has not started to set up yet
When using 10 feet sections of block reinforcing material, what would be the normal lapage or splice when spliced together?
6 inches
When referring to masonry, what best describes a Wythe?
A continuous vertical section of masonry one unit in thicknessRemember if you have an estimating question on quantities of bricks/blocks in wall Wythes, if the wall is more than one wythe wide, multiply the quantities by the number of Wythes specified on the question
What is masonry mortar made up of?
Cement, hydrated lime, sand and water
Corrugated masonry anchors shall have a minimum thickness of:
22 gauge
What is the minimum size of a masonry weep hole?
3/16 inch
What is the weight of an 8 inch x 8 inch x 16 inch normal block?
40 pounds
When sandblasting brick, the compressor should be capable of producing a range of 60 to 120 pounds per square inch (PSI)?
TRUE
58 – What percent of a masonry block is to be filled with mortar to be considered solid filled?
75%
59 – What is the average compressive strength of Type M cement-lime mortar?
2500 psi
60 – What is the type of cement-lime mortar with average compressive strength of 2500?
Type M
61 – Why is there a 2 ½ hour limit on using masonry mortar?
Mortar loses workability due to hydration
62 – Which type of brick bond is needed when laying a chimney?
Running bond
63 – What is the maximum height for a masonry column?
12 feet
64 – What is the average minimum compressive strength of Type S masonry cement?
1800
65 – In masonry construction, what goes over top of door and window openings?
Lintels
66 – When using 6 bags of sand, how many bags of fine grout is required?
2
67 – Which of the below best describes a brick veneer wall?
Carry’s own weight
68 – What is the most important quality for hardened masonry?
Bonding strength
69 – What is the standard bed and head joint in masonry?
3/8 inch
70 – When cleaning masonry with sandblasting, what is the pressure used?
60 to 120 psi
71 – What is true about a masonry veneer wall?
Building frame structure is erected first
72 – What type of block in best used for reinforcing steel?
2 core
In masonry work, what tool is used to make long horizontal joints?
Sled runner jointer
Five strecher courses of brick with one header course describes which of the following types of bonds?
Common
What type of brick is used in areas exposed to freezing, but not wet conditions?
MW
With masonry, what unit of measure is used in a modular grid system?
4” inches
What is the nominal size of a modular brick?
4” X 2 2/3” X 8”
Whan laying brick and all the vertical joints align, this is a:
Stacked bond
The nominal size of an 8 inch stretcher block is:
8 X 8 X 16
Which of the following is not a masonry mortar?
P
What is the white powder that forms in a masonry wall after exposure to moisture?
Efflorescence
What type of mortar joint is recommended in areas exposed to heavy rain and high winds?
V-shaped or Concave
Which CMU has the least pounds per cubic foot of concrete?
Pumice
What is the highest strength aggregate in an 8 X 8 X 16 CMU?
Sand and gravel
When figuring nominal dimensions, what is the intended size of the mortar joint for concrete masonry units?
3/8”
What is the advantage of a two core block CMU versus a three core block design?
Lighter, reduced heat conductor and more space for conduit
To prevent moisture from entering the top of a masonry wall, you should use:
Copings
What is the best stone to protect against moisture on sills?
Limestone
Wall ties in a brick masonry cavity wall should be placed what distance from either edge of the masonry unit?
5/8”
What type of lime is used in mortar?
Type S hydrated
What type of mortar is best suited for use below grade?
Type M
To avoid hardening due to hydration, mortar should be used within what time span after mixing?
2 1/2 hours
What type of mortar is used for interior non-load bearing partitions where high strength is not needed?
Type K
What is added to mortar for compressive strength?
Cement
Welded wire mesh for masonry should be lapped to what minimum distance?
One full wire grid spacing plus 2 inches
Typically, what is the most significant property of hardened mortar?
Bond strength
Where wind speeds can reach speeds of 80 mph, what type of mortar is used in a cavity wall?
Type S
With masonry, what gauge wire is ordinarily used for continuous horizontal joint reinforcement?
8, #9, #10, & #11
What is the closest an adjustable truss type brick tie should be from the edge of the brick?
5/8”
What tool is used to cut brick when the cut edge will be hidden by the mortar?
Brick hammer
Which masonry joint provides the best moisture protection?
Tooled (Concave or V Joint)
When laying brick, the leads are:
The corners
What is the recommended air pressure setting when sandblasting brick with a 1/4” nozzle?
60 - 120 lbs
What is the best cleaning agent for brick?
Hydrochloric or muriatic acid
What is a two-wythe wall allowing each wythe to react independently to stress known as?
A cavity wall
What is the most common cavity size of a two-wythe wall?
2”
Foundation walls that are being damp-proofed should be parged how many inches above the finish grade?
6”
What is used to anchor masonry brick veneer to the structure?
Corrugated metal ties
Blocks are positioned in a wall:
Wide flange up
What are masonry exterior non-load bearing walls that are not wholly supported at each story?
Curtain walls
The maximum height of grout lifts is usually:
5’
Concrete pours of how high can be consolidated by rodding or vibration?
12”
What diameter bar is used to make a 3/8” concave mortar joint?
5/8”
Per 100 sq ft, using a 3/8’ mortar joint, you will need how many brick and how many cubic feet of mortar?
655 brick and 5.8 cubic feet of mortar
How long must the outer wythe of a cavity wall be on each side of an external corner before expansion joints are recommended?
50’ or more in length
Brick that will come into contact with ground water and freezing conditions should be type:
SW
What percentage of a brick must be solid for it to be considered solid?
75%
What type of facing tile is used when a high degree of mechanical perfection is required?
FTX unglazed
What is the weight of an 8 x 8 x 16 Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) made of sand and gravel?
40 lbs
A standard glass block mortar joint is how thick?
1/4”
What is mortar mainly composed of?
Portland cement
What is the primary aggregate used in mortar?
Sand
How many cubic feet of mortar are required for a single wythe brick wall that measures 200 sq feet, has 3/8” mortar joints and has 655 non-modular brick units per 100 square feet?
11.6 cubic feet
Masonry walls that intersect may be connected by what means?
Strap anchor
When sandblasting, what size nozzle should be used?
1/4”
When using 9 gage ties in a composite wall, what is the proper separation of ties?
One for every 2 2/3 square feet
When laying block, what distance should be maintained from the mason’s line?
1/16”
When laying an 8”concrete block wall, a trowel is used to:
Spread and furrow a full mortar bed
The lead corner is usually laid up how many courses high?
Four or five
A masonry veneer will not:
Support loads
What masonry structural member is placed over an opening in a wall used to support the loads above that opening?
Lintel
How thick are terrazzo toppings typically?
1/2”
What type of footings are used for free standing columns or piers?
Isolated
Which brick pattern is considered the weakest bond?
Stacked bond
What type of CMU is commonly used with reinforcement?
Two-core
For Portland cement mixtures, what are the minimum cubic yards of cement required for 6 cubic yards of sand?
One cubic yard
This type of joint is made in masonry by raking out the mortar ¾” and sealing with a caulking compound.
Control joint
If a jack arch is over ___ feet wide, it should be supported by steel.
Two
What is filling voids in masonry with fresh mortar known as?
Tuck Pointing
