Carpentry & Building Construction Flashcards
1 – When erecting batter boards, what is the minimum they should be set back from exterior walls?
4 feet
2 – Sometimes the top of the batter boards may represent which of the below?
Height of foundation walls
3 – Insulation has a paper vapor barrier, which side should the paper be placed?
Warm side
4 – When should a middle stringer be installed when building a set of stairs?
1 – When treads are less than 1 1/8 inch thick 2 – When stairs are more than 2’ 6” wide 3 – When the stairs are 30 inches wide 4 – Both 1 and 2
5 – When installing door stops, which should be installed first?
Lock side first
6 – As lumber dries it shrinks, which has the most shrinkage?
Width
7 – Reference point A is 5 feet and reference point B is 5 feet 6 inches. Which of the below are true?
B is 6 inches lower than A
8 – What is the correct order for hanging a bi-fold door?
– Install top track, fasten lower track to floor, insert pins in door, hang door and adjust
9 – When installing kitchen cabinets to a finished wall, what is the minimum the screws should penetrate the studs?
1 inch
10 – When is the correct time for installing batter boards?
After building corners are established
11 – A fascia board is attached to the:
Rafter Tails
12 – The layout for a rectangular building is square if the diagonal measurements are equal.
TRUE
13 – What is the minimum side lap for 6 inch beveled wood siding?
1 inch
14 – A contractor is installing some wall cabinets in a new home built with 2 x 6 studs. Some of the cabinets span only on a single stud. How are the cabinets attached to the wall?
With (2) # 10 screws in the single stud and at least (2) 3/16” x 3-1/2” toggle bolts
15 – All of the following are a part of the exterior wall except:
Bridging
16 – A stair stringer must have at least____ inches remaining after it has been notched.
3 ½
17 – A common rafter is designated 6/12, which of the following would be used for working with the hip rafter?
17-Jun
18 – What does the OSB stand for in reference to wall sheathing and sub flooring?
Oriented strand board
19 – The lumber that is found on a construction site that is used for general forming and framing is called:
Yard lumber
20 – On a 60 feet x 80 feet square building, what would the diagonal measure?
100 feet
21 – A triangle shaped truss with “W” shaped braces is known as:
Fink truss
22 – On a construction site when you install temporary corners for a building, they are known as which of the following?
Batter boards
23 – What is the procedure for correcting a warped stud?
1 – Use wedges 2 – Straighten with another stud 3 – Saw the hollow side 4 – All of these
24 – Which of the following would be the correct way to store gypsum board on a construction site?
Laid down flat in the center of largest room
25 – What is the average controlled temperature when finishing gypsum board?
55 to 70 degrees
26 – What is the size of a 3 inch nail?
10D
27 – Which of the following plywoods would be considered exterior grade?
BB
28 – When using a transit level, which of the following is not true?
1 – 60 minutes equals one degree 2 – 360 degrees is a full circle 3 – 120 degrees equals 2 minutes 4* – One quadrant equals ¼ pi (3.14)
29 – If you have a gypsum board wall that exceeds 8’1” in height, what would be the proper way to apply the gypsum board?
Horizontal to studs
30 – A builder is installing an extra large bathtub (or Jacuzzi) in a bathroom that holds 200 gallons of water. How much should the contractor allow for the additional load just for the water?
1668 poundsWater weighs at 8.34 pounds per gallon
31 – Which of the below would best describe a drawing term (architectural or structural) for 24,000 pounds?
24 kipsWhen dealing in pounds, 1,000 pounds is 1 kip
32 – What would help in decreasing “nail pop” in gypsum board due to the shrinkage of the wood stud?
Use screws / shorter nails
33 – Always check the quantity and inspect for damage when Gypsum board arrives at the jobsite.
TRUE
34 – What is the weight of 175 pieces of 4 feet x 12 feet x ½” gypsum board?
18,480 pounds½ “gypsum board weighs 2.2 pounds per square foot.
35 – The door to a room is hinged on the left and opens out. What kind of door is this?
Left hand reversed
36 – What would be the maximum spacing on a floor joist if it will support 80 pounds per linear feet and the building load is 40 pounds per square feet?
24 inches on center
37 – What is the saw cut in a batter board called to hold the string?
Kerf
38 – What is the actual size of a 2” x 8” piece of lumber?
1 1/2” x 7 1/4”
39 – When installing fire retardant cedar shakes on a roof system, the roof sheathing shall be ____ lumber spaced on 10 inch centers.
1 x 4
40 – How many sheets of 4’ x 8’ plywood would be required to sheet a room that is 8 feet wide by 24 feet wide by 12 feet high?
24
41 – When roof rafters are spaced at 24 inches on center and the ceiling joists are spaced at 16 inches on center, where must the trusses fall in relationship to the joists?
5 inches
42 – When nailing 4’ x 8’ sheathing boards at edges and ends, nails should be spaced:
6 inches on center
43 – Nails to fasten plywood soffit should be spaced approximately ____inches on center.
6 inches
44 – When are the batter boards installed?
After building corners are established
The lay-out of a rectangle building is square if:
– The diagonal is equal
46 – The window information on a set of plans is located in a:
Schedule
47 – What type of gypsum board should be used in damp or wet areas?
Moisture resistant
48 – What is the maximum length that gypsum board is manufactured in?
14 foot
49 – Insulation that comes in pre-cut lengths of 4 and 8 foot would be what type?
Batt insulation
50 – Insulation has an R factor of 20, what would be the U factor?
.05 Formula:1 divided by R factor = U factor1 divided by U factor = R factor
51 – Which of the below would not be correct about a set of drawings?
1 – A horizontal line shows elevations 2 – A curved line shows circular motion 3 – A vertical line can be measured perpendicular from horizontal4 – Unknown answer (The first 3 are correct, the incorrect answer would be other than these three but I do not know it)
52 – Which of the below is the last large construction operation in the construction of a single dwelling house?
Finish flooring
53 – Certain building codes require fireblocking in walls that are over:
10 feet
54 – What is the depth dimension of wall and base cabinets?
12 and 24 inches
55 – When is the proper time to damp proof foundation walls?
Before walls are backfilled
When is the door stops installed?
After the door is in place
57 – Which of the materials below would not be suited for hardwood slat flooring?
1 – Maple2 – Birch3* – Fir4 – Beech
58 – Which of the below would not be a correct joint location for nailing a fascia board?
1 – Rafter tails2 – At house corners3 – In the center of the house4* – In between rafter tails
59 – Which of the below is the only item left to construct after installing finish flooring?
Final interior trim
60 – How many days of acclimation does wood flooring need prior to installing?
4 to 5 days
61 – Which of the below materials would not require wall sheathing prior to final covering?
Plywood
Using a 1/4” scale, what does 3 1/2” represent?
14 feet
On a blueprint, lines that terminate with arrows are:
Dimension lines
Which blueprint page shows the building with boundaries?
Plot or site plan
Which blueprint page shows window and door placement?
Floor plan
Which page of the blueprint shows the external views of the structure?
Elevation
What part of the blueprint designates the brand and model number of a window?
Window schedule
The difference in elevation between the basement and the first floor is 9’4”. The top tread is a full tread, how many treads will the stairs have?
15
If the sheet of plywood has a 32/16 panel identification index, it may be used as a floor decking with a maximum span of?
16” inches
Concrete is made of what four parts?
Cement, sand, gravel, and water
What material impacts the strength of concrete the most?
Aggregate
In order to slow set up, what would be added to the concrete?
Retarding admixture
What is added to concrete to control strength, durability and watertightness?
Water
The wetter the concrete, the:
Greater the slump
The best way to remove air from concrete:
Vibrate
How thick is a #5 rebar?
5/8”
Which tool measures horizontal angles only?
Builders or dumpy level
When laying out a building, what do you use as a starting point?
Benchmark
If the layout for a rectangular building is square, then which is true?
The diagonals are equal
You do not install batter boards until:
The grading corners have been stablished
If the run of the standard rafter is 12’, what is the run of the king hip?
17’ Feet
The first board of tongue and groove flooring should be installed how many inches from the frame wall and which side of the board should face the wall?
1/2” inch, groove
What is the minimum distance batter boards can be placed from the point of excavation?
4’ Feet
What does the top of the batter board represent?
The height of the foundation wall
In surveying, if rod “A” reads 5’ and rod “B” reads 5’ 6”, then:
groundbpoint “A” is 6” higher than groundpoint “B”
What is the formula for estimating the excavation material volume in cubic yards?
L x W x D / 27
Footings do not directly support:
Lintels
The sides of footings are molded by boards referred to as:
Haunch boards
What is used to hold foundation wall forms together?
Snap ties
What is used over window and door openings in a concrete block wall?
Lintel
A standard mortar joint in block construction is how wide?
3/8” inch
The typical exposure while using roll roofing is how many inches?
17” inches
What is the nominal size of a standard block?
8” x 8” x 16”
Unused mortar should be discarded after:
2 1/2 hours
When lumber dries, it tends to shrink:
More in width than length
When a piece of lumber is cut along the natural age ring, it is called:
Ring Shake
The curve or camber on glulam beams should be:
Placed up or on top
What is the minimum quality of plywood that can be used for a concrete form?
B - B
Horizontal members that carry the heaviest load of attached horizontal members are called:
Girders
Subfloor plywood underlayment spacing is:
1/8” on ends and sides
The main support under a wood deck is called a:
Girder
A built-up girder should have how many inches clearance between the end of the girder and the masonry in a masonry pocket?
1/2” inch
The standard height of an interior door is:
6’ 8”
The correct order for hanging a bifold door is:
Top track first, then fasten the lower track to the floor directly under the top track
What is the door hinge size for a 1 3/8” interior door?
3 1/2” x 3 1/2”
Door installations call for installing the door stop:
Lock side first
The proper installation of drip edge calls for it to be installed:
Under the underlayment at the eaves, but over the underlayment at the rake
How many bundles of shingles are there in a square of 3 tab shingles?
3
What is the strip nailed to the end of the rafter?
Fascia
When installing plywood soffit, nails should be installed how far apart?
6” apart
Metal gutters are attached to the:
Fascia
Gutter splash blocks should be at least how long?
3’ long
Siding boards cut during installation should be treated with:
Water repellant
What should be installed between the foundation and the brick at finish grade?
Flashing
A third stair stringer should be installed when stairs exceed what width?
2’ 6”
How long should the screws be to fasten 3/4” thick cabinets to studs covered with 1/2” drywall?
2 1/4”
When installing three tab shingles, no nails should be placed within how many inches of a valley?
6” inches
When using roll roofing, the strip should be nailed so that it overhangs the edge by a minimum of:
1/4” inch
A stair stringer must have ______ inches remaining after it has been notched.
3 1/2” inches
In constructing a stack bond pattern block wall, what additional step is required that is NOT needed with a common bond wall?
Joint reinforcement must be added to every second course
A contractor is building a 40’ x 24’ single story house with a 6/12 straight gable roof and 96” from sole plate to top plate. How many 4’ x 8’ sheets of wall sheathing are required? Do not deduct openings or add waste. — 37
37
What angle does the valley rafter form with the main ridge board in a roof of uniform pitch?
45 degrees
All of the following are part of an exterior frame wall EXCEPT:
Bridging
A contractor is installing wall cabinets in a new home built with 2 x 6 studs. Some of the cabinets span only a single stud. How are the cabinets attached?
With two #10 screws into the single stud and at least two 3/16” x 3 1/2” toggle bolts through the drywall
An 18’ long, 2” x 4” fir stud wall has double top plates, a single bottom plate and fourteen 8’ studs. Fir costs $520 per thousand board feet. How much does the lumber for this wall costs? Do not allow for waste.
$59Carpentry Page 63 Board feet calculation is on page 63. Number of pieces X thickness (inches) X width (inches) X length (feet) all divided by 12 18 x 3 = 54 54/8 = 6.75 = number of pieces for top and bottom plates (round up to 7 pieces) 14 studs So 21 pieces total 21 x 2 x 4 x 8 = 1344 1344/12 = 112 board feet total 1000 (board feet for pricing) / 112 (actual board feet) = 8.93 $520 (cost per 1000 bf) / 8.93 = $58.23 OR $520 / 1000 = $0.52 per board foot x 112 = $58.24
The plans for a family room call for 12” x 24” acoustical ceiling tiles glued in place over gypsum board. The room is 13’ 6” x 18’ 6”. What size border tile are needed for the short wall?
6” inches
When precise information is needed about a small or complex portion of the building, what would you look for on the plan?
A detail section
How many board feet are in a 2 x 4 x 12?
8
What type of door consists of stiles and rails?
Raised panel door
Radiating stair treads are also known as:
Winders
What is the horizontal length of a stairway called?
Total run
How tall is a kitchen base cabinet?
34 1/2” inches
How deep is a kitchen base cabinet?
24” inches
How deep is a kitchen wall cabinet?
12” inches
When installing insulation, how should the vapor barrier be installed?
To the warm side of the house
How long should wood flooring be stored in the building in which it is going to be installed to allow for proper acclimation?
4 days
What type of product is used as a base for tile and shower stalls?
Backerboard
How do you calculate cubic feet?
Length in feet x width in feet x thickness in feet
How do you calculate cubic yards?
Length in feet x width in feet x thickness in feet, divided by 27
One square of 235 lb shingles will cover how many square feet and weigh how much?
100 sq feet, 235 lbs
If you have sixteen 2X6 boards that are 8 foot long how many board feet do you have?
128 Board Feet
A tool that can be used to cut crescent shaped grooves into the edge of molding to form a joint?
Plate or Biscuit Joiner
What is a leveling rod used to measure?
The difference in elevation between two points
When surveying, 2 degrees of measurement would equal?
120 Minutes
What would the diagonal measurement be on rectangle building that is 60 foot wide by 80 foot long?
— 100 feet
A widened base that supports foundation walls is a?
Footing
Before you backfill a concrete wall you must?
Dampproof the wall
In constructing a stack bond pattern block wall, what additional step is required that is NOT needed with a common bond wall?
Joint reinforcement must be added to every second course
How many 8X8X16 concrete blocks would be needed on a 800 square foot wall?
880 blocks
How much mortar would be required for a 600 square foot wall using 8X8X16 concrete blocks?
— 19.5 Cu. Foot
What type of wood has the lowest resistance to decay?
Untreated Sapwood
What does OSB stand for?
Oriented-Strand-board
Glulam (Glue-Laminated) beams should not be _______ or _______ unless they were designed to be:
Notched or Drilled
What type of wall is designed to add strength to a house?
— Shear Wall
How long is a 16d nail?
3.5 inch
What part of a joist may not be notched?
The middle 1/3
How many sheets of 4’ X 8’ plywood are required to cover a room that is 8’ wide by 24’ long and 12’ high?
24 Sheets
Fireblocking may be required if a wall is over _____ high?
10’ Feet
The unit run measurement for a rafter that is attached to the ridge at a 90 degree angle is?
12” inches
The unit run measurement for a rafter that is attached to the ridge at a 45 degree angle is?
17” inches
The ends of all ceiling joist must rest on no less than?
1.5” bearing on wood framing, or 3” if bearing in masonry
A triangle shaped truss with “W” bracing is called?
Fink Truss
If the run of the standard rafter is 12’, what is the run of the king hip?
17’ Feet
When installing roof sheathing nail spacing at the edge of the panel should be spaced?
6” Inches
A door that is hinged on the right side and opens out is a?
Right hand door
For roll roofing, roll paper endlaps should be offset by how many inches?
6” inches
On a roof, what is the strip nailed to the end of the rafter?
Fascia
If plywood is used as an exterior wall covering?
Sheathing is not required
What type of insulation is thick and pre-cut to fit in-between framing members?
Batt
Drywall that is used in bathrooms or high moisture areas?
MR (Green Board)
Veneer plaster is applied to what type of drywall, which has an absorbent face?
Blue board (gypsum base)
The last large construction operation in a home is what?
Installing of a finished floor
Housewraps have high-density polyethylene fibers that allow _______ to pass through but not ________?
Vapors can pass but not water
The measure of a materials ability to resist heat transmission?
R Value
Nail pops are greatly reduced if the moisture content of the framing is less than ____ at the time the drywall is installed?
19%
What is the drying time of joint compound if the temperature is 80 degrees and the relative humidity is 60%?
13.5 hours
What influence do below freezing temperatures have curing concrete?
A longer time is needed
In concrete work, a welded wire matt is placed where and for what reason?
Placed in the upper part of the slab to prevent cracks from opening
Where are floor joist doubled when using a 1/2 inch subfloor?
Where a partition is to run parallel to the floor joist
An enclosed area measuring 12’ x 16’ x 8’ high will need 1/2 inch plywood floor decking. An enclosed area measuring 16 x 16 x 8’ high will need 3/4 inch plywood floor decking. The costs are $12 per sheet for half inch plywood and $20 per sheet for the 3/4 inch plywood. What is the total cost for all the plywood?
Between $225 and $250
What is a ledger?
The length of lumber that connects a deck to a house
How should a wood door jamb be installed?
So the outer edges are flush with the finished wall
What is used to fasten formed metal gutters to fascia?
Wrap around hangers
How many straps are necessary to attach a gutter downspout
2 Straps
What is the common thickness of load bearing walls
18G and 29G
When does condensation form?
Warm air hits a cool surface
Finish flooring should be installed immediately after the completion of what procedure?
All other work, except final interior trim
If trusses are stored horizontally for more than one week, blocking should be spaced:
On 8 - 10 foot centers
What is the maximum allowable deflection when handling wood trusses?
6 inches in 20 feet
When unloading trusses with a crane, the operator should not:
Attach to web members
The minimum size lumber used as Lateral Restraint and Diagonal Bracing for wood trusses is:
2 x 4
The location of trusses along their bearing support must be within what tolerance of the plan dimension
+ or - 1/4”
What is the out of plumb tolerance for a truss with a 6’ rise?
1 1/2”
Which is the proper placement of plywood when stacking on trusses?
Place over load bearing walls
Minimum temporary bracing should always include:
Lateral and diagonal bracing
What is the proper way to nail diagonal web bracing?
Use (2) 16d nails at each nailing point
What is the maximum allowable spacing for diagonal bracing along top chords?
20 feet
Can loads be placed on unbraced trusses?
NO
If jobsite modification of a truss is needed:
Consult a professional prior to cutting
What is the maximum allowable spacing for diagonal bracing along bottom chords?
15 feet
When lifting trusses, only connect to the:
Top chord with a closed loop attachment
What is the minimum number of lift points for single trusses up to 30’?
2
The minimum ground bracing connections should consist of:
Two 16d nails clinched
A 25 foot truss should not be installed if it has an overall bow that is greater than how many inche
1 ½”
What is the maximum spacing for TEMPORARY bottom chord lateral restraint?
15’
What is the maximum spacing for PERMANENT bottom chord lateral restraint?
10’
What is the minimum requirements for lateral restraints
2” x 4”, lapped over two trusses
All later restraint and diagonal bracing material should be made of what type of lumber?
2” x 4”
How many nails should be used to attach each brace and/or lateral restraint to each truss?
2
How should web diagonal braces be installed
At 45 degree angles and nailed with a minimum of two nails at each end and at each intersecting truss web.
Diagonal bracing is required at each end of truss row and every _____ truss spaces?
10 truss spaces
Temporary restraint and bracing connections shall be made with a minimum of how many nails
Two 16d nails
If trusses are stored for more than one week they shall be protected from the environment but must have what?
Adequate ventilation
What is the minimum size restraint / bracing material?
2x4 stress-grade lumber
