Mary

Question 1

How old was she when she inherited?

Answer 1

37

Question 2

What were her religious views?

Answer 2

Catholic - extremely devout

Question 3

What were her aims when she came to the throne?

Answer 3

Restoration of Catholicism, secure dynasty, secure relationships with Spain and Rome
Maintain law and order and solve domestic problems that she inherited

Question 4

Who were Mary’s advisors?

Answer 4

Gardner, pole, Simon renard

Question 5

How much debt does she inherit?

Answer 5

£180,000

Question 6

Why is she known as Bloody Mary?

Answer 6

Burned 284 Protestants (1 every 5 days) including Cranmer, hooper, pertinent cawtches

Question 7

What was an average agricultural worker purchasing power in 1559?

Answer 7

59% of 1509 levels.

Question 8

What problems were there in trade overseas due to marriage choices?

Answer 8

1555 Moscovy company royal charter. Missed because didn’t want to offend Spain or the Netherlands trade.

Question 9

What were the main socio economic issues to do with epidemics and famine in 1556-8?

Answer 9

1555- poor harvest due to heavy rain
1556- 2nd worst harvest in 16th century.
Grain prices increased and wide spread famine.inflation
Epidemics in 1556-8- x4 influence, plague, sweating sickness and typhus. Approx 7% of pop died.

Question 10

What financial measures did Mary take ?

Answer 10

Thomas Gresham services maintained.
Amalgamation of all the revenue courts.
Survey of the crown lands in 1555
Increases rent in1557 raises £40000 per anum
Review if hue he customs rate in 1558 due to massive inflation form new goods.
Plans full restoration of the coinage but Elizabeth is benefactor.

Question 11

How much did Mary raise from her surveys, review and increases in rent?

Answer 11

£29000 between 1556-7

£83000 between 1558-9

Question 12

How much debt is Mary left with at the end of her reign?

Answer 12

£300000 debt due to 18 months of war.

Question 13

Who were the 2 potential suitors for her marriage ?

Answer 13

Edward Courtney and Phillip of Spain

Question 14

Details of Edward Courtney?

Answer 14

No clear religion
Earl of Devon
Relative of ed 4th so royal blood
May have been mad and very socially awks because  he grew up in the tower.
27 years old

Question 15

Details of Phillip of Spain

Answer 15

Hapsburg family
Catholic like Mary
26years old and son of Charles V
There was fear of Spanish influence in England, which led to what’s rebellion.

Question 16

What are the details of the marriage treaty in 1553?

Answer 16

Proposal form Phillip via renard, she says yes without discussion with council, dec treaty
Terms= Phillip king consort! no Spanish council members, hire would inherit Netherlands and England, if she dies crown would go to Elizabeth.

Question 17

Details of the marriage ?

Answer 17

Marry in 1554
He leaves after 9 months and comes back 1 time (spends 13 months in total)
She dies with no heir - failure

Question 18

In 5 years how many parliaments does she call ?

Answer 18

5

Question 19

At times there were as many as how many people in the council ?

Answer 19

Up to 43

Question 20

How did David loads describe Mary’s effort in finance?

Answer 20

Considerable achievement

Question 21

Why was war declared in 1557?

Answer 21

French provoked it - at first England’s rayed neutral but then Protestant exile Thomas Stafford attacked Scarborough with 30 men to overthrow Mary, arrested 3 days later.

Question 22

Details of the war with France in 1557?

Answer 22

Unites the nation

England sends 7000 men across Chanel, battle of st quentin and Phillip benefits.

Question 23

Details of attacks in 1558?

Answer 23

27000 men form France attack Calais, the garrison overwhelmed and within 3 weeks conquered.

Question 24

After the attacks of 1558 on Calais, what treaty was signed in 1559?

Answer 24

Treaty of cateau cambresis- Calais lost.

Question 25

How much money was invested in peacetime allocation for the navy upkeep?

Answer 25

£20 000

Question 26

How many if the men-o-war ships did Mary get ?

Answer 26

21 by 1557

Question 27

What act was passed in 1558?

Answer 27

Militia act - 10 lord lieutenants ,lasts for 100 yrs.

Question 28

How did elton describe foreign policy between 1557-9?

Answer 28

The most disastrous of the century

Question 29

What were one of the implications of return to papal authority and what was its impact?

Answer 29

No royal supremacy , nobles liked that so meant less popularity once again.

Question 30

When was Wyatt’s rebellion?

Answer 30

1554

Question 31

What did Paul Thomas say the reasons was for the rebellion?

Answer 31

Spanish marriage and the provocation of those members of the court…felt excluded or feared imminent exclusion.

Question 32

Who was the rebellion led by ?

Answer 32

Sir Thomas Wyatt, sir James croft, sir Peter Carew.

Question 33

How many men did Wyatt manage to raise in Kent and why was this a threat ?

Answer 33

3000 close to the capital.

Question 34

Why did Mary succeed in crushing the rebellion?

Answer 34

Hold up in London have her time and the fact that they had told Gardner of their plans to soon. Also Kingston was closed so they had to go to Ludgate but then rebels deserted.

Question 35

Who was executed executed and how many executions were there ?

Answer 35

100- Wyatt, lady jane grey, Guildford, Suffolk.

Question 36

When did Mary inherit the throne ?

Answer 36

1553